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Bio 1100 > Ch. 4-6 > Flashcards

Ch. 4-6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell Theory

A

All organisms composed of cells and cells come only from preexisting cells

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2
Q

Prokaryotic

A

No Nucleus

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3
Q

Eukaryotic

A

Nucleus

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4
Q

What kinda cell is Bacteria?

A

Prokaryotic

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5
Q

What do prokaryotic cells lack?

A

Membrane bound nucleus

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6
Q

Name 3 shapes of bacteria?

A

Bacillus

Coccus

Spirilla

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7
Q

Bacillus Shape?

A

Rod Shaped

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8
Q

Coccus Shape?

A

Spherical

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9
Q

Spirilla Shape?

A

Spiral

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10
Q

Where do archae live?

A

Extreme habitats

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11
Q

What do Eukaryotic cells contain?

A

Membrane bound Nucleus

Specialized Organelles

Plasma membrane

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12
Q

Small cells are likely to have what?

A

Adequate surface area for exchanging wastes for nutrients

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13
Q

What allows for eukaryotic cells to be larger than prokaryotic cells?

A

Compartmentalization

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14
Q

Organelles

A

Specialized to perform functions for cell

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15
Q

Semi fluid nucleoplasm contains what?

A

Chromatin

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16
Q

What serves in protein synthesis?

A

Ribosomes

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17
Q

Where are subunits of ribosomes made?

A

Nucleolus

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18
Q

Golgi apparatus consists of what?

A

Flattened, curved saccules

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19
Q

Lysosomes?

A

Membrane bounded vesicles produced by Golgi Apparatus

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20
Q

What are Peroxisomes?

A

Membrane-bounded vesicles that enclose enzymes

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21
Q

What are vacuoles?

A

Membranous sacs

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22
Q

Chloroplasts use what to synthesize carbohydrates?

A

Solar energy

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23
Q

Green pigment in chlorophyll?

A

Stroma

Granum

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24
Q

Mitochondria involved in what?

A

Cellular respiration

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25
Q

Inner membrane that encloses matrix?

A

Cristae

26
Q

Enzymes that break down nutrient molecules?

A

Matrix

27
Q

Give rigidity to cell?

A

Actin Filaments

28
Q

Rope-Like, support nuclear envelope?

A

Intermediate Filaments

29
Q

Support skin cells?

A

Microtubules

30
Q

Hydrophilic polar heads face:

A

Outside

31
Q

Hydrophobic no polar tails face:

A

Each other

32
Q

Proteins may be what 2 things?

A

Peripheral or Integral

33
Q

Channel proteins?

A

Involved of passage of molecules through membrane

34
Q

Carrier proteins?

A

Combined with substance to aid in passage through membrane

35
Q

Cell recognition

A

Help body recognize foreign substances

36
Q

Allow molecule binding, causing protein to change shape?

A

Receptor proteins

37
Q

Carry out metabolic reactions directly?

A

Enzymatic Proteins

38
Q

No ATP Required?

A

Passive Transport

39
Q

Requires carrier Protein and ATP?

A

Active Transport

40
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement molecules from High ➡️ Low

41
Q

Solution contains what?

A

Solute & Solvent

42
Q

Osmosis

A

Diffusion of Water across permeable membrane

43
Q

Cell Swells

A

Hypotonic Solution

44
Q

Facilitated Transport

A

Small molecules follow concentration gradient by combining with carrier proteins

45
Q

Exocytosis

A

Vesicles fuse w/ plasma membrane as secretion occurs

46
Q

Endocytosis

A

Cells take in substances by vesicle formation

47
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Large, Solid material

48
Q

Pinocytosis

A

Liquid or small solid particles

49
Q

Adhesion junctions

A

Intercellular filaments b/t cells

50
Q

Tight Junctions

A

Impermeable barriers

51
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

Energy in motion

52
Q

Potential energy

A

Stored energy

53
Q

Exergonic Reactions

A

Reactants have more free energy that products

54
Q

Endergonic Reaction

A

Products have more free energy than reactants

55
Q

Coupled Reactions

A

Energy released by exergonic reaction drives endergonic reactions

56
Q

Speed up chemical reactions?

A

Enzymes

57
Q

Enzyme cofactors

A

Vitamins

Phosphorylation

58
Q

Kinase

A

To cut

59
Q

Oxidation

A

Loss of electrons

60
Q

Reduction

A

Gain electrons

61
Q

Where does photosynthesis take place?

A

Chloroplasts

Bio 1100 (1 decks)

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