Ch. 4-6

Question 0

Action potential

Answer 0

Travel from cell body along axons to the axon terminals, they are electrochemical currents

Question 1

Best tool for studying infant brain

Answer 1

fNIRS (functional near infared spectroscopy) uses infared light to detect blood flow changes

Question 2

Neurons

Answer 2

Information storage and transfer cells of the nervous system

Question 3

Myelin

Answer 3

Insulation, improves integrity and speed of connection

Question 4

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 4

Responsible for regulating heart rate, blood pressure, sleep wake, sucking swallowing, etc.

Question 5

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 5

Prepares for action, elevates heart rate and increases metabloism

Question 6

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 6

Allows body to relax, slow down , and rest

Question 7

Amyglada

Answer 7

Emotional memory formation and fear

Question 8

Hippocampus

Answer 8

Plays important role in formation of memories for events and sequences

Question 9

Hypothalamus

Answer 9

Links brain to endocrine system via the pituitary gland. In response to stimulation, begins cascade of hormones that activate pituitary gland and release hormones into blood stream

Question 10

Hypothalamus Pituitary amygdala axis (HPA)

Answer 10

When activated by stress or threat, hormones release from hypothalamus to the pituitary glad to the adrenal glands. This results in the secretion of cortisol.

Question 12

Cortex

Answer 12

Outer layer of the brain, largest part of the brain, divided into lobes.

Question 13

frontal lobe (prefrontal cortex)

Answer 13

reasoning, planning, organizing thoughts, and behavior

Question 14

occipital lobe

Answer 14

where visual information is processed.

Question 15

parietal lobe

Answer 15

sensory and motor cortices

Question 16

autobiographical memory

Answer 16

ability to tell story in words about oneself

Question 17

procedural memory

Answer 17

knowing how to do things, also known as motor skills

Question 18

state

Answer 18

organized pattern of physical and physiological responses related to activation or arousal

Question 19

transitional sleepers

Answer 19

wakes every night for 6 months before tapering off, with no consistent predictors.

Question 20

infant sleep difficulties

Answer 20

too much stimulation, inconsistent routine, etc.

Question 21

co-sleeping with infants

Answer 21

not common in America, but is in other cultures, can be beneficial

Question 22

orienting response

Answer 22

heightened alertness, turns toward stimulation

Question 23

phases of infant cries

Answer 23

exhale, rest, inhale, rest, repeat cycle

Question 24

pattern of infant crying in first year

Answer 24

decreases continuously

Question 25

culture variations in crying

Answer 25

crying tends to be more brief, due to the fact they are in contact with their caregiver more than western societies.

Question 26

colic

Answer 26

colic is crying in which: 1) cries at least 3 hours per day; on at least 3 days per week and for at least 3 successive weeks, 2)parents judge crying to be very intense, 3)infant is otherwise normal, 4) infant is relatively unresponsive to soothing and feeding.

Question 27

effects on adults

Answer 27

learn cries, respond to cries, have a difficult temperament

Question 28

calming sounds for infants

Answer 28

continous sounds

Question 29

asynchronous growth

Answer 29

different body regions grow faster at different times

Question 30

most rapid physical growth

Answer 30

first 6 months of life

Question 31

cephocaudual development

Answer 31

head grows earlier than the body

Question 32

proximodistal development

Answer 32

torso grows before the limbs

Question 33

average weight of american infants

Answer 33

7-8ibs

Question 34

sleep at three months

Answer 34

still sleeping as much as newborns, but able to sleep longer without waking up and more likely to sleep through the night

Question 35

SIDS

Answer 35

sometimes illness, blocking respiratory systems, lol SES, apnea

Question 36

infant visual preferences

Answer 36

attractive faces over unattractive faces