Ch. 4, 5, & 6 Flashcards
Lowest horizontal imaginary line that joins the tubercles on the iliac crests
intertubercular plane
Mid horizontal imaginary line that joins the lowest point of the costal margin on each side of the body
subcostal plane
Uppermost horizontal plane that passes through the pylorus, the duodenal junction, the neck of the pancreas, and the hilum of the kidneys
transpyloric plane
Broad muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities and forms the floor of the thoracic cavity
diaphragm
Ligament between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle
inguinal ligament
Thickened upper margin of the fascia covering the anterior surface of the quadratus lumborum muscle
lateral arcuate ligament
Arises from the sides of the bodies of the first two lumbar vertebrae
left crus of the diaphragm
Fibrous band of tissue that stretches from the xiphoid to the symphysis pubis
linea alba
Slightly curved line on the ventral abdominal wall that marks the lateral border of the rectus abdominis
linea semilunaris
Thickened upper margin of the fascia covering the anterior surface of the psoas muscle
medial arcuate ligament
Lower portion of the abdominopelvic cavity that contains part of the large intestine, the rectum, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs
pelvic cavity
Area in the pelvic cavity between the rectum and the uterus where free fluid may accumulate
rectouterine space
Muscle of the anterior abdominal wall
rectus abdominis muscle
Arises from the sides of the bodies of the first three lumbar vertebrae
right crus of the diaphragm
In the male, a small outpocket of the pelvic cavity containing the testes
scrotal cavity
Triangular opening in the external oblique aponeurosis
superficial inguinal ring
Formed by the deflection of the peritoneum from the bladder to the uterus
vesicouterine pouch
The internal organs
viscera
Located between the anterior surface of the renal fascia and the posterior area of the peritoneum
anterior pararenal space
attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and undersurface of the diaphragm
falciform ligament
Single layer of cells that form the peritoneum
mesothelium
Primary compartment of the peritoneal cavity; extends across the anterior abdomen from the diaphragm to the pelvis
greater sac
Ligament between the stomach and the spleen; completely enclosed by renal fascia
gastrosplenic ligament
Located directly around the kidney; completely enclosed by renal fascia
perirenal space
Accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneum cavity
ascites
Membranous extension of the peritoneum that suspends the stomach and duodenum from the liver; helps support the lesser curvature of the stomach
lesser omentum
Layer of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal wall
parietal peritoneum
Ligament between the spleen and kidney
lienorenal ligament
Found between the posterior renal fascia and the muscles of the posterior abdominal walls
posterior pararenal space
Opening to the lesser sac
epiploic foramen
Double fold of the peritoneum attached to the duodenum, stomach, and large intestine; helps support the greater curve of the stomach
greater omentum
Right posterior subhepatic space located anterior to the kidney and inferior to the liver where fluid may accumulate
morrison’s pouch
Slitlike spaces near the liver; potential space for fluid to accumulate
peritoneal recess
Potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneal layers
peritoneal cavity
Layer of the peritoneum that covers the abdominal organs
visceral peritoneum
Peritoneal pouch located behind the lesser omentum and stomach
lesser sac
Termination of the falciform ligament; seen in the left lobe of the liver
ligamentum teres
The front (belly) surface of the body is _______.
anterior/ventral
When a structure is closer to the body midline or point of attachment to the trunk, it is described as ________.
proximal
The top of the head is the most ________ of the body.
superior
Structures located toward the surface of the body are _______.
superficial
The back surface of the body is _________.
posterior/dorsal
The sphincter of Oddi is ______.
distal
The bottom of the feet is the most ______ point of the body.
inferior
Structures located farther inward (away from the body surface) are ______.
deep
The hepatic artery is ______ to the common duct.
medial
Toward the head is _____.
cephalic/ cranial
The structure is ______ if it is toward the far side of the body.
lateral
Toward the tail, or _____, is sometimes used instead of inferior.
caudal
The two principle body cavities are the _____ and the _____.
dorsal cavity; ventral cavity
The bony dorsal cavity may be subdivided into the ______, which holds the brain and the sinal cord.
cranial cavity
The _____ is located near the anterior body surface and is subdivided into the ____ cavity and the ______ cavity.
ventral cavity; thoracic; abdominopelvic
The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are separated by a broad muscle, the _____, which forms the floor of the thoracic cavity.
diaphragm
The thoracic cavity is divided into two ____, each containing a lung, with the mediastinum between them.
pleural sacs
The heart is surrounded by another cavity called the _____.
pericardial sac
The abdominal cavity is bounded ______ by the diaphragm.
superiorly
The abdominal cavity is bounded ______ by the abdominal wall muscles.
anteriorly
The abdominal cavity is bounded ______ by the vetebral column, ribs, and iliac fossa.
posteriorly
The abdominal cavity is bounded ______ by the pelvis.
inferiorly
What organs are in the right hypochondrium region?
right kidney, liver, gallbladder, small intestine
What organs are in the epigastrium region?
liver, pancreas, stomach, spleen, adrenal glands, duodenum
What organs are in the left hypochondrium region?
left kidney, spleen, pancres, colon
What organs are in the right lumbar region?
colon, liver, gallbladder
What organs are in the umbilical region?
small intestine
What organs are in the left lumbar region?
left kidney, colon
What organs are in the right iliac region?
appendix, colon
What organs are in the hypogastric region?
bladder, uterus, prostate gland
What organs are in the left iliac region?
colon
