Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Egans > ch 39 incentive spirometry > Flashcards

ch 39 incentive spirometry Flashcards

1
Q

what is the purpose of IS

A

guide the patient to take a sustained maximal inspiratory effort resulting in a decrease in Ppl and maintain the patency of airways at risk for closure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are IS devices designed for

A

mimic natural sighing by encouraging patients to take slow, deep breaths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how can IS can be performed

A

using devices that provide visual cues to patients when the desired inspiration flow or volume has been achieved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what should patients respiratory rate be to do IS

A

should be less than 25 breaths/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what should patients vital capacity be for IS

A

should be more than 10 mL/kg of body weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what type of attitudes should a patient have for IS

A

cooperative and motivated patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the true benefit of IS

A

best achieved by repeated use and proper technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the basic maneuver of IS

A

sustained maximal inspiration (SMI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is SMI

A

slow, deep inhalation from the functional residual capacity up to the total lung capacity, followed by a 5 second lung stretch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

during the inspiratory phase of spontaneous breathing what happens

A

the decrease in Ppl caused by the breath is transmitted to the alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

lower the head of the bed what happens to vital capacity

A

vital capacity gets smaller, and the patient feels the pressure of their abdominal contents into their rib cage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the inspired volume goal set on

A

the basis of predicted values or observation of initial performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the primary indication for IS

A

treat existing atelectasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the 3 indications for IS

A
  1. presence of pulmonary atelectasis
  2. presence of conditions predisposing to atelectasis
  3. presence of a restrictive lung defect associated with quadriplegia or dysfunctional diaphragm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the 4 contraindications for IS

A
  1. patient can’t be instructed or supervised to ensure appropriate use of device
  2. patient can’t cooperate or understand
  3. patient can’t take a deep breath in
  4. presence of an open tracheal stoma requires additional equipment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some hazards and complications (5)

A
  1. hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis
  2. discomfort secondary to inadequate pain control
  3. pulmonary barotrauma
  4. exacerbation of bronchospasm
  5. fatigue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the 3 assessment of needs for IS

A
  1. surgery with upper abdomen/thorax
  2. conditions that could lead to atelectasis – immobility, poor pain control, and abdominal binders
  3. presence of neuromuscular disease involving respiratory musculature
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the assessment of outcome (7) not all are listed

A
  1. absence or improvement of atelectasis
  2. decreased respiratory rate
  3. resolution of fever
  4. normal pulse rate
  5. normal breath sounds
  6. normal chest x-ray
  7. return of FRC/VC to preoperative values
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the most common problem when a patient performs IS too rapidly

A

acute respiratory alkalosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the most frequently reported symptoms associated with respiratory alkalosis

A

dizziness and numbness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

IS devices can be categorized into what 2 categories

A

volume oriented

flow oriented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

flow-oriented devices measure and virtually indicate what

A

the degree of inspiratory flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

both flow oriented and volume oriented devices attempt to attempt what goal for the patient

A

sustained maximal inspiratory effort to prevent or correct atelectasis

24
Q

what 3 phases does the successful application of IS include

A
  1. planning
  2. implementation
  3. follow-up
25
Q

planning for IS should focus on what

A

selecting explicit therapeutic outcomes

26
Q

what is critical when planning

A

getting the baseline patient assessment

27
Q

what patients should be pre-assessed

A

patients scheduled for upper abdominal or thoracic surgery

28
Q

why is pre-assessment of patients essential (3)

A
  1. helps determine patients who are at high risk for postoperative complications
  2. allows for determination of baseline lung volumes and capacities
  3. provides an opportunity to orient high-risk patients to the procedure before undergoing surgery
29
Q

what type of goal should the RT set for IS

A

an initial goal that is attainable to the patient yet requires a moderate effort

30
Q

what should the patient be instructed to do

A

inspire slowly and deeply to maximize the distribution of ventilation

31
Q

what should the RT observe the patient perform

A

initial inspiratory maneuvers and ensure the patient uses the correct technique

32
Q

what should the RT instruct the patient to do sustain

A

sustain maximal inspiratory effort for 5 to 10 seconds

33
Q

what is the correct technique when performing IS breathing

A

diaphragmatic breathing at slow to moderate inspiratory flows

34
Q

what is a typical rest period for early postoperative stages for IS

A

30 sec to 1 minute

35
Q

why is the rest period important

A

helps avoid a common tendency by some patients to repeat the maneuver at rapid rates, causing respiratory alkalosis

36
Q

what is the inspiratory goal

A

intermittent, maximal inspirations

37
Q

what is a healthy individuals average sigh per hour

A

6

38
Q

an IS regimen should aim to ensure a minimum of ____ to ____ SMI maneuvers each hour

A

5 to 10

39
Q

what does SMI stand for

A

sustained maximal inhalation

40
Q

TLC

A

total lung capacity

41
Q

TV stand for and average

A

tidal volume

500 mL

42
Q

IRV

A

inspiratory reserve volume

43
Q

IC and calculation

A

inspiratory capacity

IRV + TV = IC

44
Q

VC and formula

A

vital capacity
(maximal inhalation to maximal exhalation)
IRV + TV + ERV = VC

45
Q

ERV

A

expiratory reserve volume

46
Q

FRC and calculation

A

functional residual capacity

ERV + RV = FRC

47
Q

RV

A

residual volume

48
Q

TLC average

A

6000 mL

49
Q

TLC calculation

A

IRV + TV + ERV + RV =TLC

50
Q

emphysemitis bleb

A

weak spot on lung

51
Q

what do you not what to do with a emphysemitis bleb

A

over pressurize the lung

52
Q

what is vital to ensuring the achievement of goals

A

assessing the patients performance

53
Q

how should you assess the patients performance

A

RT should make return visits to monitor treatment until the correct technique and appropriate effort are achieved

54
Q

what can happen after the patient has demonstrated mastery of technique

A

IS may be performed with minimal supervision

55
Q

what must be maintained at all times regarding the patients progress

A

all records of progress pertaining to the patients clinical status must be maintained throughout the course of treatment

56
Q

what is the results of assessing a patient

A

helps guide the RT/physician in revising the respiratory care plan or terminating treatment after the goals are achieved

Egans (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions