CH 38 Neoplasia Flashcards
1) A client with cancer asks the nurse how cancer occurs. Which response should the nurse provide the client?
1. “Cancer is genetic; you inherited the predisposition for cancer.”
2. “Cancer cells are the body’s cells that have lost the ability to control their growth.”
3. “Cancer is caused primarily by viruses in the environment.”
4. “Cigarette smoking and second-hand smoke are the primary causes of cancer.”
- “Cancer cells are the body’s cells that have lost the ability to control their growth.”
6) Which client should the nurse recognize has the highest risk for developing cancer?
1. The client who consumes excessive alcohol
2. The client who is 25 pounds overweight but exercises regularly
3. The client who usually applies sunscreen when going outdoors
4. The client who frequently forgets self-breast exams but has routine mammograms
- The client who consumes excessive alcohol
2) Which should the nurse include as the causes of cancer when providing client education?
Select all that apply.
1. “Some cancers have a strong genetic component.”
2. “Cancer can result from tissue trauma.”
3. “Cancers have a very strong environmental component.”
4. “Cancer can result from increased levels of stress.”
5. “Cancer can result from damaged tumor suppressor genes.”
- “Some cancers have a strong genetic component.”
- “Cancers have a very strong environmental component.”
- “Cancer can result from damaged tumor suppressor genes.”
27) Which is the nurse’s priority when preparing to administer intravenous vesicant chemotherapy?
1. Notify the healthcare provider for a central line placement.
2. Wear gloves when drawing up the medication.
3. Understand the protocol for extravasation.
4. Place the client in reverse isolation prior to administering the vesicant.
- Understand the protocol for extravasation.
28) Which should the nurse understand can be used to minimize bone marrow toxicity? Select all that apply. 1. Alkylating agents 2. Bone marrow transplantation 3. Hormone antagonists 4. Platelet administration 5. Growth factor therapy
- Bone marrow transplantation
- Platelet administration
- Growth factor therapy
29) For which should the nurse monitor the older adult receiving chemotherapy?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply.
1. Hypotension
2. Incontinence
3. Peripheral neuropathy
4. Urinary retention
5. Reduced deep tendon reflexes
- Hypotension
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Reduced deep tendon reflexes
30) Which topics should the nurse include in the education of the client prescribed testosterone treatment for cancer? Select all that apply. 1. Weight gain 2. Sweating 3. Hair loss 4. Constipation 5. Nervousness
- Weight gain
- Sweating
- Nervousness
7) Which intervention should the nurse integrate into the plan of care for a client receiving cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) experiencing oral irritation?
1. Instruct the client to avoid extreme temperatures of food selections.
2. Instruct the client to use an antiseptic mouthwash.
3. Instruct the client to rinse her mouth with normal saline.
4. Instruct the client to drink cold beverages.
- Instruct the client to avoid extreme temperatures of food selections.
13) A client asks the nurse why he is receiving several chemotherapeutic agents as treatment for cancer. Which response should the nurse provide the client?
1. “Using multiple drugs means a shorter treatment time.”
2. “Using multiple drugs decreases the incidence of side effects.”
3. “Using multiple drugs will help kill more of the cancer.”
4. “Using multiple drugs is more cost effective in treating cancer.”
- “Using multiple drugs will help kill more of the cancer.”
5) A client asks why tamoxifen is so effective for the treatment of breast cancer. Which response should the nurse provide the client?
1. “Tamoxifen works by blocking estrogen receptors on breast tissue.”
2. “Tamoxifen works by inhibiting the cellular mitosis of breast cancer.”
3. “Tamoxifen works by inhibiting the metabolism of breast cancer cells.”
4. “Tamoxifen works by binding to the DNA of breast cancer cells.”
- “Tamoxifen works by blocking estrogen receptors on breast tissue.”
12) Which finding should the nurse instruct the client receiving tamoxifen to immediately report to the healthcare provider?
1. A temperature of 101.1°F
2. Weight gain of 3 pounds in 1 week
3. Size increase of the tumor
4. Nausea and vomiting
- A temperature of 101.1°F
For which adverse effect should the nurse monitor the client prescribed tamoxifen?
- Fatigue
- Cough
- Vaginal discharge
- Signs of dehydration
- Vaginal discharge
16) Which is the most important nursing consideration for clients receiving alkylating agents?
1. Nausea and vomiting
2. Nutritional intake
3. Skin integrity
4. CBC with differential
- CBC with differential
18) Which describes the main mechanism of action of alkylating agents?
1. The agents can become incorporated into the structures of DNA and RNA, resulting in a disruption of nucleic acid function.
2. When cancer cells attempt to synthesize proteins, RNA, or DNA metabolic pathways are disrupted and the cancer cells die or their growth is slowed.
3. They change the shape of the DNA double helix and prevent nucleic acid from completing normal cell division.
4. They either directly or indirectly bind to cancer cells causing an activation of the immune response which results in the destruction of the cancer cells.
- They change the shape of the DNA double helix and prevent nucleic acid from completing normal cell division.
3) Which therapeutic interventions should the nurse include when teaching a client about the primary treatments for cancer? Select all that apply. 1. Surgery 2. Chemotherapy 3. Nutrition therapy 4. Alternative medicine 5. Radiation therapy
- Surgery
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
