Ch 34 - An Age Of Anxiety

Question 0

The notion that space and time are relative to the person measuring them was first articulated in

Answer 0

Einstein’s theory of relativity

Question 1

In the years following WW1 the idea of progress was

Answer 1

Roundly attacked

Question 2

American expat writers were known as? Name two writers

Answer 2

Known as the lost generation; Hemingway and Fitzgerald

Question 3

Werner Heisenberg did what?

Answer 3

First discovered the uncertainty principle

Question 4

The father of psychoanalysis was?

Answer 4

Sigmund Freud

Question 5

According to Sigmund Freud the root of neurotic behavior was?

Answer 5

A conflict between conscious and unconscious mental processes

Question 6

What were the attacks on progress in postwar pessimism?

Answer 6

People began to question democracy and if war is actually progress

Question 7

What is Bauhaus?

Answer 7

Architecture influenced by design and art for urban-industrial landscape

Question 8

Why did art have so much variety now?

Answer 8

Artists didn’t like realism anymore and were concerned for their freedom of expression.

Question 9

Why was realism no longer needed? What was art being used for now

Answer 9

It was replaced by cameras; art began to be used to express

Question 10

As industry improved less _________ were needed

Answer 10

Raw materials

Question 11

No more raw materials needed —-> too much _________ ——-> not enough __________ ——> lower prices

Answer 11

Supply; demand

Question 12

Farmers couldn’t afford to buy ____________ —–> businesses cut back on production ——-> unemployment increased

Answer 12

Manufactured goods

Question 13

Reasons for Great Depression

Answer 13

Germany and Austria relied on US loans for was reparations
France and Great. Britain used reparations to repay their US loans
US banks withdrew capital from Europe

Question 14

Why did the US withdraw from European investments?

Answer 14

Their money had cycled and they were being payed back their loans with their own money

Question 15

What happened on Black Friday?

Answer 15

US stock market crashed as all investors sold stocks while before they decreased in value

Question 16

Why did Germany and Japan suffer during the Great Depression?

Answer 16

Because they were dependent on exports to import fuel and food

Question 17

What were the consequences of the Great Depression ?

Answer 17

People bought things made in their own country
Higher tariffs on things made in foreign countries
Prohibition on other countries selling in the US

Question 18

Lots of personal suffering in the form of

Answer 18

Losing jobs, savings, homes, dignity, and hope

Question 19

2 government responses on capitalism

Answer 19

1. government did nothing

2. Govt focused on balancing budget and stopping public spending

Question 20

Keyne’s solution?

Answer 20

Government should stimulate the economy by increasing the money supply (print more) to lower interest rates and encourage people to invest; also encouraged public works projects

Question 21

FDR believed in:

Answer 21

Creating jobs, farm subsidies, collective bargaining, minimum wage, social security

Question 22

New Deal’s fundamental idea

Answer 22

The government should intervene to protect the social and economic welfare of the people.

Question 23

Russia held the rule by the ________

Italy and Germany had ________ as a replacement for social and democracy

Answer 23

Proletariat, fascism

Question 24

Who were fighting when Lenin and the Bolsheviks took over, while there was still opposition?

Answer 24

Reds vs Whites

Bolsheviks: reds
Others: whites

Question 25

Bolsheviks used a tactic called______ to execute the czar and his family

Answer 25

Red terror

Question 26

What happened during war communism in Russia

Answer 26

The government took over banks, industries, private property, crops

Question 27

Lenin’s new economic policy was:

Answer 27

• State “capitalism” (state owns most of the industry and people own some)
• electrification
• technical schools

Question 28

How did Stalin work? What did he implement this system in?

Answer 28

With an organized 5 year plan; heavy industry ( steel, oil production)

Question 29

Statins system towards farmers (collectivization of agriculture)

Answer 29

Farmers had to share land and split profits

Question 30

Good and bad Effects of collectivization of agriculture

Answer 30

Good: full employment, cheap housing, and food
Bad: little material benefit

Question 31

Who did the command economy benefit?

Answer 31

The government and military, not the people.

Question 32

What happened to those who wanted plural government?

Answer 32

Stalin charged them for treason; they were executed or sent or Gulags

Question 33

Features of the Fascist alternative

Answer 33

Veneration of the state
Devotion to strong leaders
Emphasis on ultranationalism
Ethnocentrism
Militarism

Question 34

Mussolini was the leader of the __________ who were completely anti socialist and killed all socialists

Answer 34

Italian combat veterans league (black shirts)

Question 35

Corporatism in Italy was

Answer 35

When all societal interests were under the control of the state (Italy was a company and Mussolini was the CEO)

Question 36

Hitler’s focus to gain support

Answer 36

Path to legality

Question 37

Why did middle class people support the nazi party?

Answer 37

Because they wanted radical change

Question 38

When nazi party gains seats in parliament, president Hindenburg does what?

Answer 38

Makes Hitler Chancellor

Question 39

Purpose of campaign to have more aryan babies?

Answer 39

To increase the birthdate of the racially valuable

Question 40

Eugenics were?

Answer 40

When all undesirables were sterilized or killed