Ch 30 Musculoskeletal

Question 1

5 functions of the musculoskeletal system

Answer 1

1. Give body its shape
2. Protect internal organs
3. Provide for movement
4. Stores salts and other minerals for metabolism
5. Produce Red Blood Cells necessaary for oxygen

Question 2

what r the 3 types of muscules

Answer 2

voluntary (skeletal)
involuntary (smooth)
cardiac

Question 3

Voluntary muscles are those under control of a person’s will. name some examples

Answer 3

walking, chewing, swallowing, smiling, frowning, talking moving eyeballs

Question 4

connects muscle to bone

Answer 4

tendons

Question 5

connects bone to bone

Answer 5

ligaments

Question 6

this is an extension of the bone and is composed of connective tissue, acts as a shock absorber found at the point of two bones

Answer 6

cartilage

Question 7

bending that moves the extremity towards the body

Answer 7

flexion

Question 8

movement of a body part towards midline of the body

Answer 8

adduction

Question 9

movement of a body part away from the midline of the body

Answer 9

abduction

Question 10

turning along the axis of the bone or joint

Answer 10

rotation

Question 11

movement throughan arc of a circle or in a circular motion from a central point

Answer 11

circumduction

Question 12

6 components of the skeletal system

Answer 12

skull
spinal column
thorax
pelvis
lower extremities
upper extremities

Question 13

axial skeletal system (3)

Answer 13

head
thorax
vertebral column

Question 14

what is the hollow depression in the lateral pelvis where the head of the femur fits creating a joint

Answer 14

acetabulum

Question 15

direct blow occurs at point of impact

Answer 15

direct force

Question 16

force impacts on one end of a limb causing injury some distance away from the point of impact.

Answer 16

indirect force

Question 17

T/F
severe bleeding associated with afractured pelvis or femur often occurs from the bone itself not from the lacerated vsl outside the tissue

Answer 17

true

Question 18

red marrow produces

Answer 18

red blood cells

Question 19

sound of feeling broken fragments of bone grinding agaisnt each other

Answer 19

crepitus

Question 20

pt complaining of numbness or a tingling sensation

Answer 20

paresthesia

Question 21

2 basic reasons for splinting a bone

Answer 21

prevents movement

reduces chance of further injury

Question 22

T/F

both before and after you apply a splint assess the pulse, moto function and sensation distal to the injury

Answer 22

True

Question 23

commericially manufactured splints made of wood, plastic, cardboard, compressed wood designed with velcro straps

Answer 23

rigid splints

Question 24

splints that are soft and pliable being inflated but rigid once filled with air
cannot be sized, impair circulation, interfere with ability to access pulse

Answer 24

pressure (air or pneumatic) splints

Question 25

this provides counter pullalleviating pain, reducing blood loss, minimizing further injury

Answer 25

traction splint

Question 26

a type of rigid splint that is malleable enough to form a deformed or angulated extremity, the splint is shaped to the deformed extremity mad eof wire, aluminum, or other metal that can bend

Answer 26

formable splint

Question 27

splits easily formed to deformed extremities by sucking out the air

Answer 27

vaccum splint

Question 28

used to provide stability to a painful and tender shoulder, elbow, upper humerus

Answer 28

sling and swathe

Question 29

PASG

Answer 29

pneumatic antishock garment | used to pelvis and decrese the compartment size and reduce bleeding

Question 30

pressure in space around capillaries exceeds the pressure needed to perfuse the tissues, the blood flow is cut off and the cells become hypoxic leading to

Answer 30

compartment syndrome usually develops overtime as edema around area increses, associated with fractures, arterial and veneous bleeding from blunt force trauma

Question 31

a pathological fracture that results from a disease that causes degeneration and dramatically weakens the bone, making it porone to fracture. these will not present obvious evidence of trauma

Answer 31

nontraumatic fracture

Question 32

an injury to a muscle or a muscle and a tendon, possibly caused by overextension, or over stretching

Answer 32

strain

Question 33

injury to a joint capsule, with damage to or tearing of the connective tissue involves ligament

Answer 33

sprain

Question 34

``` do not use traction splint if 1-2 inches above or below the knee knee has been injured hip pelvis partial amputation ```

Answer 34

true