Ch. 3 - The Self Flashcards
Construal process
Making sense of our experiences, proclivities (habits), preferences, attitudes
Self-schema
A cognitive structure from past experience representing person’s beliefs and feelings about the self, both in general and specific situations
Reflected self-appraisal
Belief about what others think of oneself
“Born-to-rebel” hypothesis
According to principle of diversification, siblings develop different personality traits to peacefully occupy different niches. ex. Older are more assertive and traditional, younger - more agreeable and novel to experiences.
Situationism
Social self changes across different contexts
Working self-concept
Subset of self-knowledge that is brought to mind in a particular context
Independent self-construal
Self = autonomous entity distinct and separate from others; inward
Interdependent self-construal
Self = fundamentally connected to other people; outward
Social comparison theory
People compare themselves to other people to obtain accurate assessments of their own opinions, abilities, and internal states (when no objective standard, compare)
Self-esteem
Overall positive/negative evaluation people have of themselves
Trait self-esteem
Person’s enduring level of self-regard across time
State self-esteem
Dynamic, changeable self-evaluations a person experiences as momentary feelings about the self
Contingencies of self-worth
A perspective that people’s self-esteem is contingent on the successes and failures in domains on which they have based their self-worth
Sociometer hypothesis
The idea of self-esteem as an internal, subjective index of the extent to which a person is included/looked favorably by others
Self-enhancement
Desire to maintain, increase, or protect one’s positive self-views
