Ch 3 Test

Question 1

The there major issues that interest developmental psychologist are nature/nurture, stability/change , and __\___.

Answer 1

Continuity /stages

Question 2

Body organs first begin to form and function during the period of the _______; within 6 months, during the period of the ________, the organs are sufficiently functional to allow a good chance of survival

Answer 2

Embryo; fetus

Question 3

Chemicals that pass through the placenta’s screen and may harm and embryo or fetus are called ______

Answer 3

Teratogens

Question 4

Stroke a newborn cheek and the infant will root for a nipple. This illustrates

Answer 4

A reflex

Question 5

Between ages 4 and 6, the human brain experiences the greatest growth in the _______ lobes, which we use rod rational planning, and which continue developing at least into adolescence

Answer 5

Frontal

Question 6

Which is the following is true of motor-skill development?

Answer 6

The sequence but not the timing is universal

Question 7

Why can’t we consciously recall how we learned to walk hen we were infants!

Answer 7

We have little conscious memory of event occurring before age 4, in part because major brain area have not yet matured

Question 8

Use piagets first three stages of cognitive development to explain why young children are not just miniature adults in the way they think

Answer 8

Infants in piagets as sensorimotor stage tend to be focused only on their own perceptions on the world and may, for example, be unaware the object continue to exist when unseen. A child in the preoperatinal stages is still egoti.

Question 9

Although piagets stage theory continues to inform our understanding of children thinking, many researches believe thAt

Answer 9

Piagets stages begin earlier and development is more continuous than he realized

Question 10

An 8 month old infant who reacts to a new babysitter by crying and clinging to his fathers shoulder is showing ____ _____

Answer 10

Stranger anxiety

Question 11

Ina series of experiments, the harlows found that monkeys raised with artificial mothers tended, when afraid, to cling to their cloth mother, rather than to a wire mother holding the feeding bottle. Why was this finding important?

Answer 11

Before these studies, may psychologist believed that infants became attached to those who nourished them .

Question 12

From the very first weeks of life, infants differ in their characteristics emotional reactions, with some infants being intense and anxious, while others are easygoing and relaxed. These differences are usually explained as differences in ________.

Answer 12

Temperament

Question 13

Adolescence is marked by the onset of

Answer 13

Puberty

Question 14

According to piaget, a person who can think logically about abstractions is in the ______ ______ stage.

Answer 14

Formal operational

Question 15

In eriksons stages, the primary task during adolescence is

Answer 15

Forging an identity

Question 16

Some developmental psychologist now refer to the period that occurs in some western cultures from age 18 to the mid-twenties and beyond (up to the time of social independence) as _____ _____.

Answer 16

Emerging adulthood

Question 17

Developmental researchers who emphasize learning and experience are supporting ____; those who emphasize biological maturation are supporting _____.

Answer 17

Continuity; stages

Question 18

By age 65, a person would be most likely to experience a cognitive decline in the ability to

Answer 18

Recall and list all the important terms and concepts in a chapter

Question 19

Frued defined the healthy adult as one who is able to love and work. Erickson agreed, observing that the adult struggles to attain intimacy and _______.

Answer 19

Generatively

Question 20

ContRary to what many people assume

Answer 20

People of all ages report similar levels of happiness

Question 21

Although development is lifelong, there is stability of personality over time. For example

Answer 21

Temperament tends to remain stable throughout life