Ch. 3 - Properties and Effects Flashcards
Who to call for chemical information in USA, Canada, and Mexico?
CHEMTREC; CANUTEC; SETIQ
3 main types of stress that cause containers to fail
thermal; chemical; mechanical
flash point
min temp at which a liquid or solid gives off sufficient vapors that will ignite in a flash fire
flash fire
fire involving only the vapors of a liquid
fire point
temp at which sustained combustion of a vapor will occur; usually only slightly higher than flash point
ignition temp
min temp at which fuel will ignite and continue to burn; does not require ignition source
flammable range
defines the range in terms of fuel/air mixture that a substance will burn
vapor pressure
how fast a substance turns from a liquid to a gas
vapor density
weight of an airborne concentration of a vapor or gas as compared to dry air
vapor density of air
1
specific gravity of water
1
ph stick results
high=base; low=acid; 7=neutral
What is a strong ph value?
less than 2.5; higher than 12.5
Alpha particles
similar to dust particles and can be stopped easily
Beta particles
more dangerous than alpha particles; can travel 10-15 feet; can be stopped by clothing
ionizing radiation
breaks chemicals bonds; most dangerous
non-ionizing radiation
cannot break bonds
gamma radiation
most energetic radiation
chronic health hazard
adverse health effect that occurs gradually over time
acute health effect
adverse health effects that occur quickly
sensitizer
substance that causes an allergic response
lethal dose
single dose that causes death in test animals; ingestion
lethal concentration
concentration in air that causes death in test animals; inhalation
