Ch 3 Grammar

Question 1

What are the three ways to translate the present tense in English? Use Cantat.

Answer 1

1. She sings.
2. She is singing.
3. She does sing.

Question 2

What is a tense marker?

Answer 2

A letter or letters that signal a change in tense

for example, Latin uses -bi- to indicate future tense: amabis, “You will love.”

Question 3

What is the formula for forming any verb tense?

Answer 3

stem + tense marker + personal endings

Question 4

What is the future tense marker?

Answer 4

bi

Question 5

What is the future tense conjugation for amō?

Answer 5

amābō amābimus
amābis amābitis
amābit amābunt
(notice that the i was swallowed in the first person singular by the ō, and the u in the third person plural.)

Question 6

What are the two ways to translate a future tense in English? Use amābō.

Answer 6

1. I will love.

2. I will be loving.

Question 7

What is the imperfect tense marker?

Answer 7

ba

Question 8

What is the imperfect tense conjugation for amō?

Answer 8

amābam amābāmus
amābās amābātis
amābat amābant
(notice that the macra (long marks) on the endings are on the same position as they were in the present tense)

Question 9

What are the four ways to translate an imperfect in English?

Answer 9

1. I was loving (past progressive)
2. I used to love (past progressive)
3. I kept on loving (past progressive)
4. I loved (simple past)

Question 10

Note: Review the following Latin paradigm

Answer 10

Ch 2, 3, 7_Latin Verb Forms_First Conjugation