ch 3: energy Flashcards
force
an interaction between a source and an object, causing the object to move or change motion
work
application of a force to an object and the distance the object moves as a result
when is maximum work accomplished?
force applied is parallel to the change of position.
power
the rate as which energy is transformed
horsepower
power rating of 746 W
mechanical advantage
the force or distance advantage you gain by using the machine
effort force
force provided by using the machine
resistance force
force you and machine work against
effort distance
distance which your effort force acts
resistance distance
distance the resistance moves
equation for mechanical advantage
MA = Fr/Fe, MA = dE/dR
KE of an object is _______ proportional to an object’s’ mass, but velocity has a _______ influence.
directly, higher
mechanical energy
form of energy of familiar objects and machines
chemical energy
energy involved in chemical reactions
radiant energy
energy that travels through space
electrical energy
energy from electromagnetic interactions
nuclear energy
energy from atoms involving the nucleus and other nuclear interactions
law of conservation of energy
energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transformed.
what three sources of energy are chemical?
natural gas, petroleum, coal
petroleum
oil from oil bearing rocks. associated with natural gas. both form from organic sediments, mostly from plankton.
coal
accumulation of plant materials in certain conditions millions of years ago.
fossil fuels
organic fuels that store the radiant energy from the Sun, converted to chemical energy by plants or animals millions of years ago.
nuclear
uranium and plutonium atoms split, and fission occurs
photovoltaic effect
PV cell converts sunlight energy into electricity
