ch 3: energy Flashcards

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1
Q

force

A

an interaction between a source and an object, causing the object to move or change motion

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2
Q

work

A

application of a force to an object and the distance the object moves as a result

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3
Q

when is maximum work accomplished?

A

force applied is parallel to the change of position.

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4
Q

power

A

the rate as which energy is transformed

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5
Q

horsepower

A

power rating of 746 W

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6
Q

mechanical advantage

A

the force or distance advantage you gain by using the machine

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7
Q

effort force

A

force provided by using the machine

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8
Q

resistance force

A

force you and machine work against

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9
Q

effort distance

A

distance which your effort force acts

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10
Q

resistance distance

A

distance the resistance moves

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11
Q

equation for mechanical advantage

A

MA = Fr/Fe, MA = dE/dR

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12
Q

KE of an object is _______ proportional to an object’s’ mass, but velocity has a _______ influence.

A

directly, higher

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13
Q

mechanical energy

A

form of energy of familiar objects and machines

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14
Q

chemical energy

A

energy involved in chemical reactions

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15
Q

radiant energy

A

energy that travels through space

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16
Q

electrical energy

A

energy from electromagnetic interactions

17
Q

nuclear energy

A

energy from atoms involving the nucleus and other nuclear interactions

18
Q

law of conservation of energy

A

energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transformed.

19
Q

what three sources of energy are chemical?

A

natural gas, petroleum, coal

20
Q

petroleum

A

oil from oil bearing rocks. associated with natural gas. both form from organic sediments, mostly from plankton.

21
Q

coal

A

accumulation of plant materials in certain conditions millions of years ago.

22
Q

fossil fuels

A

organic fuels that store the radiant energy from the Sun, converted to chemical energy by plants or animals millions of years ago.

23
Q

nuclear

A

uranium and plutonium atoms split, and fission occurs

24
Q

photovoltaic effect

A

PV cell converts sunlight energy into electricity

25
Q

concentrated solar power

A

mirrors direct a large area of sunlight onto a small area, converting to heat.

26
Q

biomass

A

material formed by photosynthesis

27
Q

ocean thermal energy conversion

A

warm water is drawn in to vaporize a fluid w/a low boiling point, and cold water condenses it back to liquid form