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MED 121 > CH 3 - Body as a Whole > Flashcards

CH 3 - Body as a Whole Flashcards

1
Q

cytology

A

study of cell structure and function

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2
Q

-in

A

substance, chemical compound

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3
Q

chromat-

A

color

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4
Q

-some

A

body

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5
Q

-plasm

A

something formed

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6
Q

cyt/o-

A

cell

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7
Q

sol

A

solution

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8
Q

-lyte

A

soluble

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9
Q

electr/o-

A

electric

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10
Q

-cellul-

A

small cell

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11
Q

-ism

A

condition

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12
Q

metabol-

A

change

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13
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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14
Q

-lus

A

small

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15
Q

-oid

A

resemble

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16
Q

ster-

A

solid

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17
Q

syn-

A

together

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18
Q

-thesis

A

to arrange

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19
Q

cytoplasm

A

clear, gelatinous substance containing cytosol and crowded with different organelles

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20
Q

organelle

A

small structures that carry out special metabolic tasks

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21
Q

nucleus

A

largest organelle located btw cell membrane and cytoplasm

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22
Q

ribsosomes

A

organelles involved in the manufacture of protein from simple materials

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23
Q

nucleolus

A

small dense body composed of RNA and protein

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24
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

manufactures steroids, cholesterol and other lipids, and proteins

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25
Q

lysosomes

A

garbage disposal units of the cell

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26
Q

mitochondria

A

extract energy by breaking down compounds

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27
Q

histology

A

study of the structure and function of tissues

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28
Q

connective tissue

A

bind, support, protect, fill spaces, store fat. widely distributed throughout body

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29
Q

epithelial tissue

A

protect, secrete, absorb, excrete. cover body surface, cover and line internal organs, compose glands

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30
Q

muscle

A

movement. attached to bones, in the walls of hollow internal organs, and in heart

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31
Q

nervous

A

transmit impulses for coordination, sensory reception, motor actions. brain, spinal cord, nerves

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32
Q

anabol-

A

build up

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33
Q

-ism

A

condition

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34
Q

-ate

A

composed of, pertaining to

35
Q

carb/o-

A

carbon

36
Q

catabol-

A

break down

37
Q

-um

A

structure

38
Q

epi-

A

upon

39
Q

-thel/i-

A

nipple

40
Q

lys/o-

A

decompose

41
Q

-ion

A

action, condition

42
Q

mit/o-

A

thread

43
Q

-chondr-

A

cartilage, rib, granule

44
Q

-in

A

substance, chemical compound

45
Q

prot/e-

A

first

46
Q

rib/o-

A

like a rib

47
Q

bone

A

hardest connective tissue

48
Q

cells that make up bone tissue

A

osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts

49
Q

osteoblasts

A

deposit bone matrix in concentric patterns around a central canal containing a blood vessel

50
Q

osteocytes

A

former osteoblasts that maintain the bone matrix

51
Q

osteoclassts

A

dissolve the bone matrix to release calcium and phosphate into the blood when these chemicals are needed elsewhere

52
Q

cartilage

A

flexible, rubbery matrix. few blood vessels and heals poorly or not at all. include chrondroblasts, chrondocytes, fibers

53
Q

chrondoblasts

A

deposit the cartilage matrix

54
Q

chrondrocytes

A

former chondroblasts that maintain the cartilage matrix

55
Q

fibers

A

give the cartilage strength and flexibility

56
Q

ligaments

A

strips or bands of fibrous connective tissue

57
Q

tendons

A

thick, strong ligaments that attach muscles to bone

58
Q

anatomic position

A

body is standing erect with feet flat on the floor, face and eyes facing forward, and arms at the sides with the palms facing forward

59
Q

supine

A

lying face upward

60
Q

prone

A

lying flat on abdomen

61
Q

superior or cephalic

A

what is above something

62
Q

inferior or caudal

A

what is below somehing

63
Q

distal

A

being situated away from the center of the body or point of attachment

64
Q

proximal

A

being close to center of body or point of attachment

65
Q

medial

A

being close to midline

66
Q

lateral

A

being further away from the midline

67
Q

caudal

A

near to the tail

68
Q

cephalic

A

near to the head

69
Q

supine

A
70
Q

sagittal plane

A

divides body into equal left and right sides

71
Q

frontal plane

A

divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) sides

72
Q

transverse plane

A

divides the body into cranial and caudal portions

73
Q

cranial cavity

A

space inside the skull

74
Q

spinal cavity

A

space in which spinal cord passes

75
Q

thoracic cavity

A

houses lungs and heart

76
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

includes abdominal and pelvic cavity

77
Q

diaphragm

A

sits btw thoracic and abdominal cavity

78
Q

list the 4 abdominal quadrants

A

right upper quadrant (RUQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), left lower quadrant (LLQ)

79
Q

umbilical region

A

central region - located around umbilicus

80
Q

epigastric region

A

above the stomach

81
Q

hypogastric

A

below the stomach

82
Q

hypochondriac regions

A

upper regions on either side of the epigastric region

83
Q

lumbar regions

A

regions on either side of the umbilical region

84
Q

inguinal region

A

regions on either side of the hypogastric region

MED 121 (2 decks)

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