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A & P 1 > Ch 3 > Flashcards

Ch 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Which membrane transport process consumes ATP and uses a carrier

A

Active

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2
Q

_____ Are the organelles that read coded genetic messages and assemble amino acids into proteins

A

Ribosomes

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3
Q

What is a protein that participates in transmembrane transport called

A

A carrier

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4
Q

The Golgi Complex is composed of about six flattened membranous is sacs called

A

Cisternae

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5
Q

Which three organelles are NOT surrounded by membranes?

A

Centrioles
ribosomes
centrosomes

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6
Q

And extensive system of cytoplasmic tubules classified as rough or smooth is called the

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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7
Q

Name the organelle that contains the enzyme necessary to produce ATP for the use by the cell

A

Mitochondrion

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8
Q

A cell placed into which solution will lose water by osmosis

A

Hypertonic

Will have a higher osmotic pressure than the cell and will induce osmotic shrinkage of a cell

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9
Q

The physical force generated by liquid such as blood or tissue fluid is known as _____ pressure

A

Hydrostatic

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10
Q

_____Is the Hydro static pressure need it on the one side of a semi permeable membrane to halt osmosis

A

Osmotic pressure

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11
Q

What are four statements that describe aspects of the modern cell theory

A

Cells come from pre-existing cells cells have many structural similarities
Organisms are composed of cells
An organism’s structure and all of its functions are due to the activities of its cells

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12
Q

Vesicular transport that releases material from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell is called

A

Exocytosis

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13
Q

What is the diffusion of water down its concentration gradient through the selectively Preamble membrane called

A

Osmosis

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14
Q

The organelle that resembles that membrane is sacs and is involved in packaging is the

A

Golgi complex

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15
Q

The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called what

A

Simple diffusion

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16
Q

The organelle which controls cellular activity is the

A

Nucleus

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17
Q

Mechanism of A disease

A

Pathogenesis

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18
Q

The hierarchy of complexity

A 
Smallest to largest: Atom molecule 
Organelle 
tissue 
organ 
organ system 
organism
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19
Q

What is educated speculation

A

Hypothesis

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20
Q

What is psychological variation (aspects)

What is not

A

Different with sex age weight diet degree of physical activity genetics environment
—-?

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21
Q

What is a psychological Gradient

A

Difference chemical concentration electrical charge physical pleasure dump between one to another

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22
Q

What is the studying function of hormones

A

Endocrinology

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23
Q

What is the study of the Body structure

A

Anatomy

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24
Q

Metabolism

A

All chemical reactions in the body

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25
Q

Catabolism

A

Energy releasing decomposition reactions break Covalent bonds produce Smaller molecules from larger ones

26
Q

Anabolism

A

Energy sharing synthesis reaction production of fat or protein energy input

27
Q

Hydrophilic and hydrophobic

A

Hydrophilic sepsis dissolvable and water example sugar

Hydrophobic not dissolvable in water example fat

28
Q

Hypertonic and hypotonic

A

Hypertonic causes cells lose water shrink and shrivel up crenate
Hypotonic absorbs water swells and may burst lower concentration of nonpermeating solute

29
Q

Mitochondria extract energy from the organic compounds and transfer it to which of the following for use by the cell

A

ATP

30
Q

Name the organelle responsible for generationof Cellular ATP

A

mitochondria

31
Q

Know the sodium-potassium pump functions

A

Maintain steep Na+ concentration gradient allowing for secondary active transport
regulates solute concentration and thus osmosis cell volume
maintains negatively charged resting membrane potential
produces heat

32
Q

A short Cylindrical up assembly of microtubules arranged in the nine groups of three

A

Centrioles

33
Q

What are examples of passive transport

A

Osmosis
passive diffusion
facilitated diffusion
Filtration

34
Q

the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

A

Simple diffusion

35
Q

Larger molecules diffuse through the cell membrane ______ than the smaller molecules

A

More Slowly

36
Q

What are the membrane channel is that allow the movement of water across a membrane called

A

Aquaporins

37
Q

Which solution have the same concentration of non-permeating solutes as the intracellular fluid

A

Isotonic

38
Q

A form of vesicular transport

A

Endocytosis

39
Q

The process of engulfing particle such as bacteria by surrounding the particle and drawing it into the cell is referred to as

A

Phagocytosis

40
Q

The process by which a cell can take in large droplets of ECF (water)

A

Pincytosis

41
Q

In which process does a secretory vesicles fuse with a cell membrane and release its contents into the extracellular space

A

Extocytosis

42
Q

Two ____ are locates in a small area of cytoplasm called the centrosome

A

Centrioles

43
Q

Consider two solutions of a different sodium concentrate separated by a selectively permeable membrane. the net movement of water across a membrane will be from the area of _____ sodium concentrate to the area of a _______ sodium concentration

A

Lower; higher

44
Q

Movement of gas molecules (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the air in lungs and the blood or between the blood and the tissues by which process

A

Diffusion

45
Q

As solute concentration rises it’s rate of transport through the membrane increases up to point where all thecarries are saturated this point of saturation is called what

A

The transport maximum

46
Q

Neutrophils engulfs by surrounding them with pseudopods and draw into The cell by which process

A

Phagocytosis

47
Q

Nearly every human cell has a single non-motile primary Cilium a few micrometers long
True or false

A

True

48
Q

If an antique Port Carey remove salutes in opposite direction across the cell membrane without requiring energy

A

Countertransport

49
Q

Carreir-mediator transport that moves a solute down a concentrated gradient ((diffusion)

A

Facilitated diffusion

50
Q

Which factors were increase the rate of diffusion

A

1) Increased concentration difference
2) increase cell areas
3) decreased molecular weight of diffusing compound

51
Q

What Do you voltage gated ion channels open in response to

A

A change in membrane potential

52
Q

Transmembrane proteins or protein clusters with pores that allow water and dissolved ions to pass through the membrane

A

Ion channels

53
Q

The movement of specifically water from the area of higher concentration to the lower concentration across a semi permeable membrane called

A

Osmosis

54
Q

Whicj Cells have pseudopods

A

neutrophils blood platelets Macrophages

55
Q

Function of glycoccalyx

A

Cell adhesion

56
Q

The ____ of a solution is the number of milliosomoles per liter of solution

A

Osmolarity

57
Q

Which salt solution would be isotonic to human red blood cells

A

0.9%

58
Q

A cell uses organelles called _____ to get rid of non-functional proteins

A

Proteasome

59
Q

Formed from atp and is the most common second messenger

A

Cyclic amp

60
Q

And blood capillaries blood pressure forces fluid through gaps in the capillaries wall in the process called

A

Filtration

A & P 1 (4 decks)

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