Ch 3 Flashcards
Which membrane transport process consumes ATP and uses a carrier
Active
_____ Are the organelles that read coded genetic messages and assemble amino acids into proteins
Ribosomes
What is a protein that participates in transmembrane transport called
A carrier
The Golgi Complex is composed of about six flattened membranous is sacs called
Cisternae
Which three organelles are NOT surrounded by membranes?
Centrioles
ribosomes
centrosomes
And extensive system of cytoplasmic tubules classified as rough or smooth is called the
Endoplasmic reticulum
Name the organelle that contains the enzyme necessary to produce ATP for the use by the cell
Mitochondrion
A cell placed into which solution will lose water by osmosis
Hypertonic
Will have a higher osmotic pressure than the cell and will induce osmotic shrinkage of a cell
The physical force generated by liquid such as blood or tissue fluid is known as _____ pressure
Hydrostatic
_____Is the Hydro static pressure need it on the one side of a semi permeable membrane to halt osmosis
Osmotic pressure
What are four statements that describe aspects of the modern cell theory
Cells come from pre-existing cells cells have many structural similarities
Organisms are composed of cells
An organism’s structure and all of its functions are due to the activities of its cells
Vesicular transport that releases material from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell is called
Exocytosis
What is the diffusion of water down its concentration gradient through the selectively Preamble membrane called
Osmosis
The organelle that resembles that membrane is sacs and is involved in packaging is the
Golgi complex
The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called what
Simple diffusion
The organelle which controls cellular activity is the
Nucleus
Mechanism of A disease
Pathogenesis
The hierarchy of complexity
Smallest to largest: Atom molecule Organelle tissue organ organ system organism
What is educated speculation
Hypothesis
What is psychological variation (aspects)
What is not
Different with sex age weight diet degree of physical activity genetics environment
—-?
What is a psychological Gradient
Difference chemical concentration electrical charge physical pleasure dump between one to another
What is the studying function of hormones
Endocrinology
What is the study of the Body structure
Anatomy
Metabolism
All chemical reactions in the body
Catabolism
Energy releasing decomposition reactions break Covalent bonds produce Smaller molecules from larger ones
Anabolism
Energy sharing synthesis reaction production of fat or protein energy input
Hydrophilic and hydrophobic
Hydrophilic sepsis dissolvable and water example sugar
Hydrophobic not dissolvable in water example fat
Hypertonic and hypotonic
Hypertonic causes cells lose water shrink and shrivel up crenate
Hypotonic absorbs water swells and may burst lower concentration of nonpermeating solute
Mitochondria extract energy from the organic compounds and transfer it to which of the following for use by the cell
ATP
Name the organelle responsible for generationof Cellular ATP
mitochondria
Know the sodium-potassium pump functions
Maintain steep Na+ concentration gradient allowing for secondary active transport
regulates solute concentration and thus osmosis cell volume
maintains negatively charged resting membrane potential
produces heat
A short Cylindrical up assembly of microtubules arranged in the nine groups of three
Centrioles
What are examples of passive transport
Osmosis
passive diffusion
facilitated diffusion
Filtration
the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Simple diffusion
Larger molecules diffuse through the cell membrane ______ than the smaller molecules
More Slowly
What are the membrane channel is that allow the movement of water across a membrane called
Aquaporins
Which solution have the same concentration of non-permeating solutes as the intracellular fluid
Isotonic
A form of vesicular transport
Endocytosis
The process of engulfing particle such as bacteria by surrounding the particle and drawing it into the cell is referred to as
Phagocytosis
The process by which a cell can take in large droplets of ECF (water)
Pincytosis
In which process does a secretory vesicles fuse with a cell membrane and release its contents into the extracellular space
Extocytosis
Two ____ are locates in a small area of cytoplasm called the centrosome
Centrioles
Consider two solutions of a different sodium concentrate separated by a selectively permeable membrane. the net movement of water across a membrane will be from the area of _____ sodium concentrate to the area of a _______ sodium concentration
Lower; higher
Movement of gas molecules (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the air in lungs and the blood or between the blood and the tissues by which process
Diffusion
As solute concentration rises it’s rate of transport through the membrane increases up to point where all thecarries are saturated this point of saturation is called what
The transport maximum
Neutrophils engulfs by surrounding them with pseudopods and draw into The cell by which process
Phagocytosis
Nearly every human cell has a single non-motile primary Cilium a few micrometers long
True or false
True
If an antique Port Carey remove salutes in opposite direction across the cell membrane without requiring energy
Countertransport
Carreir-mediator transport that moves a solute down a concentrated gradient ((diffusion)
Facilitated diffusion
Which factors were increase the rate of diffusion
1) Increased concentration difference
2) increase cell areas
3) decreased molecular weight of diffusing compound
What Do you voltage gated ion channels open in response to
A change in membrane potential
Transmembrane proteins or protein clusters with pores that allow water and dissolved ions to pass through the membrane
Ion channels
The movement of specifically water from the area of higher concentration to the lower concentration across a semi permeable membrane called
Osmosis
Whicj Cells have pseudopods
neutrophils blood platelets Macrophages
Function of glycoccalyx
Cell adhesion
The ____ of a solution is the number of milliosomoles per liter of solution
Osmolarity
Which salt solution would be isotonic to human red blood cells
0.9%
A cell uses organelles called _____ to get rid of non-functional proteins
Proteasome
Formed from atp and is the most common second messenger
Cyclic amp
And blood capillaries blood pressure forces fluid through gaps in the capillaries wall in the process called
Filtration
