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Social Psych test 1 > Ch 3 > Flashcards

Ch 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Self schema

A

A believe people hold about themselves that guides the processing of self relevant information

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2
Q

Affective forecasting

A

The process of predicting how one would feel in response to feature emotional events

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3
Q

Self perception theory

A

The theory that when internal cues are difficult to interpret people gain self insight by observing their own behavior

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4
Q

Facial feedback hypothesis

A

The hypothesis that changes in facial expression can lead to corresponding changes in emotion

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5
Q

Over justification effect

A

The tendency for intrinsic motivation to diminish for activities that have become associated with reward for other extrinsic factors

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6
Q

Social comparison theory

A

Theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others

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7
Q

Two factor theory of emotion

A

The theory that experience of emotion is based on two factors; physiological arousal and a cognitive interpretation of that arousal

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8
Q

Dialecticism

A

Eastern system of thought that accepts the coexistence of contradictory characteristic within a single person

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9
Q

Self esteem

A

An affective component of the self consisting of a persons positive and negative self evaluations

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10
Q

Terror management theory

A

Theory that humans cope with the fear of their own death by constructing worldviews that help to preserve their self-esteem

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11
Q

Self awareness theory

A

Theory that self focused attention leads people to notice self discrepancies, thereby motivating and escape from self-awareness or a change in behavior

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12
Q

Private self consciousness

A

Personality characteristics of individuals who are introspective, often attending to their own inner states

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13
Q

Public self consciousness

A

Personality characteristic of individuals who focus on themselves as social objects, as seen by others.

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14
Q

Self regulation

A

Process by which people control their thoughts, feelings, or behavior in order to achieve a personal and social goal

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15
Q

Implicit egotism

A

A non conscious form of self enhancement

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16
Q

Self handicapping

A

Behaviors designed to sabotage ones own performance in order to provide a subsequent excuse for failure

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17
Q

Bask in reflected glory

A

To increase self esteem by associating with others who are successful

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18
Q

Downward social comparison

A

The defensive tendency to compare ourselves with others who are worse off than we are

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19
Q

Self presentation

A

Strategies people use to shape what others think of them

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20
Q

Self monitoring

A

Tendency to change behavior in response to the self presentation concerns of the situation

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21
Q

What is self concept

A

What you think about yourself

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22
Q

What are the four elements

A
  1. self schema
  2. Social identities
  3. Culture influences structure of self concept
  4. Possible selves
23
Q

What is self schema

A

Basic unit of knowledge we have of ourselves, beliefs about myself that influence how I process self relevant information

24
Q

What are social identities

A

Part of a group membership that is part of my self concept. Used to manage self esteem

25
Q

What is an individualistic culture

A

Independent self concept what is structure around what makes me different. Our culture.

26
Q

What is a collectivist culture

A

Interdependent self concepts that are structured around the things/ links that link you to others

27
Q

What is a desired self

A

The image we would like to become

28
Q

What is a feared self

A

The image of who we don’t want to become

29
Q

How do you determine if you are schematic for something

A

You make judgements about yourself, you are quick to recall examples that fit, quick to reject inconsistent feedback, likely to notice in others.

30
Q

How do we know who we are?

A

Memory: reconstructed memory, self references effect, ego centric bias, expectancy effect

31
Q

What is reconstructed memory

A

Memory for events is altered by things that happen after events and things other people tell us about what they remember

32
Q

Self reference effect

A

My memory is better for things that are relevant to me

33
Q

Ego centric bias

A

Remember myself as more central to events than what I may have been (remembering what you said or what the people on the sides of you said

34
Q

Expectancy effects

A

Sometimes we remember what we expected to happen and not what actually did.

35
Q

Vicarious self perception

A

You might infer something about yourself by observing the behavior of someone else whom you completely identify with

36
Q

Impact bias

A

Overestimate of strength and duration of emotional reactions

37
Q

Two reason impact bias affects predictions

A
  1. We overlook psychological coping mechanisms

2. When we become so focused on a single event we neglect to take into account of other life experiences

38
Q

Example of self perception theory

A

Devour a sandwich then realize how hungry you were

39
Q

Example of facial feedback theory

A

Smiling or frowning when watching a cartoon then judging it. Smiling people find it funnier.

40
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

Originates in factors within a person

41
Q

Example of intrinsic motivation

A

Engaging in activities for your own interest, the challenge, or enjoyment

42
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

Originates in factors outside the person

43
Q

Example of extrinsic motivation

A

Engaging in an activity that has a means to an end, a benefit, such as acquiring money, grades, or an award.

44
Q

Sociometer theory

A

Maintains that people are inherently social animals and that the desire for self-esteem is driven by w more primitive need to connect with driven by a more primitive need to connect with others and gain approval

45
Q

How Higgins stated the self discrepancy theory

A

self esteem is defined by the match or mismatch between how we see ourselves and how we want to see ourselves

46
Q

Self concept

A

The sum total of an individual’s believes about his or her own personal attributes

47
Q

What are the two type of introspection

A

Emotional and cognitive

48
Q

What does the self perception theory work for

A

Attitudes, emotional, and motivation

49
Q

What are the alerts to the social comparison theory

A

Self presentations, self verification, and self esteem

50
Q

What is an example of self presentation

A

Dressing professional for an interview

51
Q

Strategic self presentation

A

Efforts to shape the impression of others to be seen as competent, like able, powerful etc. all to gain influences, power, sympathy or approval

52
Q

Ingratiation

A

Goal to be liked. An example of strategic self presentation

53
Q

What is a problem with strategic self presentation

A

People can be offended by thinking you are trying to manipulate them.

54
Q

What is self presentation

A

A form of ingratiation

Social Psych test 1 (3 decks)

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