Ch. 3

Question 1

Stoichiometry

Answer 1

relationship between the amounts of chemical reactants and products

Question 2

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 2

forward and reverse processes are still occurring, even when system has reached chemical equilibrium
double arrow thing ⇌

Question 3

Product-favored reactants

Answer 3

reactions in which reactants are completely or largely converted to products when equilibrium is reached

Question 4

Reactant-favored reactions

Answer 4

lead to conversion of only a small amount of the reactants to products

Question 5

Electrolytes

Answer 5

compounds whose aqueous solutions conduct electricity
all ionic compounds that are soluble in water
significant concentration of ions in solution

Question 6

Strong electrolytes

Answer 6

substances whose solutions are good electrical conductors
Ex: BaCl2

Question 7

Weak electrolytes

Answer 7

few ions are present in solution
poor conductors of electricity
Ex: acetic acid

Question 8

Nonelectrolytes

Answer 8

compounds whose aqueous solutions do not conduct electricity
no ions present in solution

Question 9

Net ionic equation

Answer 9

equation without spectator ions

Question 10

Acids

Answer 10

when dissolved in water, increases concentration of H+ in solution
proton donor (Brønsted-Lowry theory)

Question 11

Strong acids

Answer 11

strong electrolytes
ionize completely in water
Ex: HCl and HNO3

Question 12

Weak acids

Answer 12

weak electrolytes
incompletely ionized
Ex: acetic acid and hydrofluoric acid

Question 13

Bases

Answer 13

when dissolved in water, increases concentration of OH- in solution
proton acceptor (Brønsted-Lowry theory)

Question 14

Strong bases

Answer 14

Ex: NaOH and KOH

Question 15

Reaction of an acid and bases

Answer 15

produces a salt and water

Question 16

Oxidation

Answer 16

Any process in which oxygen is added to another substance or the loss of hydrogen
when a substance loses electrons

Question 17

Reduction

Answer 17

when a substance accepts electrons