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MCAT Biochem > Ch 3 > Flashcards

Ch 3 Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

First law of thermodynamics?

A

Law of conservation of energy

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2
Q

Second law of thermodyamics?

A

Law of entropy

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3
Q

What is the equation for enthalpy?

A

ΔH = ΔE + PΔV

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4
Q

What is the equation for Gibbs free energy?

A

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

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5
Q

What is the difference betwen exergonic/endergonic and exothermic/endothermic?

A 
Gonic = Free energy related 
Thermic = Enthalpy (heat) related
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6
Q

Which equation do you use to find the free energy change for a reaction in the body?

A

ΔG = ΔG°’ - RTlnQ

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7
Q

What is ΔG°’?

A

Standard free energy under physiological conditions with all reactants and products present at 1M concentration except H+ and a pH of 7

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8
Q

What is the standard free energy equation in physiological conditions?

A

ΔG°’ = -RTlnK’eq

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9
Q

What is Ea?

A

Activation energy - energy needed to produce the transition state in a reaction

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10
Q

What is a catalyst?

A

Something that lowers the Ea by stabilizing the transition state without being consumed in the reaction. They do not affect ΔG

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11
Q

What are the markers of oxidation reaction?

A
  1. Gain of oxygen atoms
  2. Loss of hydrogen atoms
  3. Loss of electrons
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12
Q

What are the markers of reduction reactions?

A
  1. Loss of oxygen atoms
  2. Gain of hydrogen atoms
  3. Gain of electrons
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13
Q

What is a key example of oxidative catabolism in the body?

A

Glucose oxidation

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14
Q

What are Bronsted - Lowry acids? Bases?

A

Acids- H+ donors

Bases H+ acceptors

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15
Q

What are Lewis acids? Bases?

A

Acids- Electron acceptors

Bases - Electron donors

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16
Q

How is the strength of acids measured? Bases?

A

Acid and base-dissociation constants: Ka and Kb. The larger they are the stronger the acid or base, respectively. Formula is [C][D]/[A][B], therefore the more favoured the products are the stronger the acid or base is.

17
Q

Formula for pH? pOH?

A

pH = -log[H+} or [H+] = 10^-pH pOH = -log[OH-] or [OH-] = 10^-pOH

18
Q

Formula for pKa? pKb?

A

pKa = -logKa and pKb = -logKb

MCAT Biochem (1 decks)

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