Ch 29 Infection Prevention & Control

Question 1

Infection

Answer 1

The invasion of a susceptible host by pathogens or Microrganisms resulting disease

Question 2

Pathogens

Answer 2

Pathogen’s or microorganisms results in disease

Question 3

Colonization

Answer 3

The presents and growth of microorganisms within a host but without tissue invasion or damage

Question 4

Communicable disease

Answer 4

An infectious disease that can be transmitted directly from one person to another

Question 5

Symptomatic

Answer 5

If the pathogen’s multiply and cause clinical signs and symptoms

Question 6

Asymptomatic

Answer 6

If clinical signs and symptoms are not present

Question 7

Chain of infection

1. Infectious agent

Answer 7

Microorganisms include bacteria, viruses, fungi and Protozoa

Question 8

Virulence

Answer 8

Their ability to enter and survive in a host and the susceptibility of those

Question 9

Chain of infection

2. Reservoir

Answer 9

A place where Microorganism survive, multiply and await transfer to a susceptible host

Question 10

Chain of infection

3. portal of exit

Answer 10

Portal of exit include sites such as blood, skin and mucous membranes, respiratory tract, etc.

Question 11

Chain of infection

4. Modes of transmission

Answer 11

Each disease has a specific mode of transmission. The major route of transmission for pathogens Identified in the healthcare setting is the unwashed hands of healthcare workers

Question 12

Chain of infection

5. Portal of entry

Answer 12

Organisms enter the body through the same routes they used for exiting

Question 13

Chain of infection

6. Susceptible host

Answer 13

Susceptibility to infectious agents depends on an individual’s degree of resistance to pathogen’s.

Question 14

Normal flora

Answer 14

Do not usually cause disease when residing in their usual area of the body but instead participate in maintaining health

Question 15

Course infection by stage

1.incubation period

Answer 15

Entrance of pathogen into body and appearance at first symptoms

Question 16

Course of infection by stage

2. Prodromal stage

Answer 16

Specific symptoms, patient maybe capable of spreading disease to others

Question 17

Course of infection by stage

3. Illness stage

Answer 17

Patient manifest signs and symptoms specific to the type of infection

Question 18

Course of infection by stage

4. Convalescence

Answer 18

Symptoms of infection disappear

Question 19

Serous

Answer 19

Clear like plasma

Question 20

Sanguineos

Answer 20

Containing red blood cells

Question 21

Purulent

Answer 21

Containing white blood cells and bacteria

Question 22

Exogenous infection

Answer 22

Comes from Microorganisms found outside the individual

Question 23

Endogenous infection

Answer 23

Occurs when part of the patients Flora becomes altered and overgrowth results

Question 24

Iatrogenic infection

Answer 24

Type of HAI (healthcare associated infections) caused by an invasive diagnostic or therapeutic procedure

Question 25

Factors influencing infection prevention and control

Answer 25

Age,  
nutritional status, 
stress, 
disease process, 
treatment of conditions a compromise the immune response

Question 26

Nursing diagnoses for infection

Answer 26

Risk for infection, imbalanced nutrition, impaired oral mucous membrane,
risk for impaired skin integrity,
social isolation,
Impaired tissue integrity,
readiness for enhanced immunization status

Question 27

Asepsis

Answer 27

Absence of pathogenic microorganisms, 
medical Asepsis,
standard precautions, 
hand hygiene, 
alcohol-based hand rub

Question 28

Isolation

Answer 28

The separation and restriction of movement of ill person’s with contagious diseases