ch 29

Question 1

Complicated Fractures

Answer 1

Bone fragments have damaged other organs or tissues

Question 2

Comminuted Fractures

Answer 2

Small fragments of bone are broken from the fractured shaft and lie in the surrounding tissue

Question 3

Bone Healing and Remodeling in children

Answer 3

In neonatal period, 2 to 3 weeks
In early childhood, 4 weeks
In later childhood, 6 to 8 weeks
In adolescence, 8 to 12 weeks

Question 4

The Five Ps

Answer 4

Pain and point of tenderness
Pulse (distal to the fracture site)
Pallor
Paresthesia (sensation distal to the fracture site)
Paralysis (movement distal to the fracture site)

Question 5

Cervical Traction

Answer 5

Halo brace or halo vest

How most cervical traction is accomplished

Question 6

Distraction

Answer 6

Process of separating opposing bone to encourage regeneration of new bone in the created space

Can be used when limbs are unequal in length and new bone is needed to elongate the shorter limb

Question 7

Three Degrees of DDH (Developmental dysplasia of the hip)

Answer 7

Acetabular dysplasia (preluxation)
Mildest form; osseous hypoplasia of the acetabular roof
Femoral head remains in the acetabulum

Subluxation (incomplete dislocation of the hip)

Dislocation

Question 8

Therapeutic Management of DDH

Answer 8

Newborn to age 6 months: Pavlik harness for abduction of the hip

Age 6 to 24 months: Dislocation is unrecognized until the child begins to stand and walk; use traction and cast immobilization (spica)

Older child: Operative reduction, tenotomy, osteotomy; difficult after 4 years