Ch 27 Male Reproductive System Flashcards
Gynecology
Study of female reproductive system
Somatic cells
- diploid
- 23 pairs of chromosomes
- each pair is homologous since they contain similar genes in same order
Gametes
- haploid
- single set of chromosomes for a total of 23
- produced by meiosis
Interphase
- G1: first gap phase
- S: synthesis phase
- G2: second gap phase
Mitotic phase
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
Karyotype
And image that reveals an orderly arrangement of chromosomes
Homologous chromosomes
Matching pairs of chromosomes that can possess diff versions of the same genes
Meiosis
- haploid daughter cells are produced in diploid organisms
- interphase is followed by 2 consecutive divisions, meiosis I and meiosis II and crossing over occurs
Gonads
Produce gametes and secrete sex hormones
Dartos muscle
- regulate temp of testes
- causes wrinkling
Cryptorchidism
- testes do not descend into the scrotum
- if untreated, can result in sterility and a greater risk of testicular cancer
Stages of sperm development
Spermatogonia, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatid, spermatozoa
Sertoli cells
- form blood-testis barrier
- support developing sperm cells
- produce fluid and control release of sperm into lumen
- secrete inhibit which slows sperm production by inhibiting FSH
Spermatogonium
- gives rise to 2 daughter cells by mitosis
- 1 daughter cell kept in reserve - other becomes primary spermatocyte
- primary spermatocyte goes through meiosis I
Secondary spermatocytes
- 23 chromosomes of which each is 2 chromatids joined by centromere
- goes through meiosis II
Spermiogenesis
Maturation of spermatid into sperm cells
Spermiation
Release of a sperm cell from a steroli cell
