ch 27 growth and development preshcool Flashcards
the nurse is conducting a well child examination of a 5 year old girl, who was 40 in tall at her last exam at age 4. which height measure to would be within the normal range of growth expected for a preschooler?
43 in
the nurse is teaching the parents of a 4 year old boy about the normal maturation of the child’s organs during the preschool years and their effect on body functions. which statement accurately describes these changes? select all that apply.
-myelination of the spinal cord allows for bowel and bladder control to be complete in most children by age 3 years
-the respiratory structures are continuing to grow in size, and the number of alveoli continues to increase, reaching the adult number at about 7 years of age
-the bones continue to increase in length and the muscles continue to strengthen and mature; however, the muskuloskeletal system is not fully mature.
-the small intestine is continuing to grow in length, and stool passage usually occurs once or twice per day in the average preschool age child
the nurse is assessing the psychosocial development of a preschooler. what are normal activities characteristic of the preschooler? select all that apply.
-plans activities and makes up games
-initiates activities with others
-acts out roles of other people
the nurse is caring for a 5 year old posttonsilectomy. the girl looks out the window and tells the nurse it’s raining and says, “the sky is crying because it is sad that my throat hurts” the nurse understand that the girl is demonstrating which mental process?
magical thinking
the parents of a 4 year old ask the nurse when their child will be able to differentiate right from wrong and develop morals. what would be the best response of the nurse?
the preschooler is developing a conscience
which activity would the nurse least likely include as exemplifying the preconceptual phase of piagets pre operational stage
beginning questioning of parents values
the nurse is assessing the motor skills of a 5 year old girl. which finding would cause the nurse to be concerned?
draws a person with three body parts
the school nurse is helping parents choose books for their preschoolers. what literacy skills present in the preschooler would the nurse consider when making choices? select all that apply.
-preschoolers enjoy books with pictures that tell stories
-preschoolers like stories with repeated phrases as they keep their attention
-preschoolers demonstrate early literacy skills by reciting stories or portions of books
-preschoolers may retell the story from the book, pretend to read books, and ask questions about the story
the parents of a preschooler ask the nurse to help choose a preschooler for their child. what are recommended guidelines and goals for choosing a preschool? select all that apply.
-when selecting a preschool, the parent may want to consider the accreditation of the school and the teachers qualifications
-the parent should observe the classroom, evaluating the environment, noise level, and sanitary practices
-the parent should observe the classroom to determine how the children interact with each other and how the teachers interact with the children
the mother of a 4 year old boy tells the nurse that their son occasionally wets his pants during the day. how should the nurse respond?
tell me about the circumstances when this occurs
the nurse is explaining to the parents that the preschooler’s developmental task is focused on the development of initiative rather than guilt. what is a priority intervention the nurse might recommend for parents of preschoolers who stimulate initiative?
reward the child for initiative in order to build self esteem
the parents of a 5 year old boy tell the nurse that their son is having frequent episodes of night terrors. which statement would indicate that the boy is having nightmares instead of night terrors?
he will tell us about what happened in his dream
the mother of a 5 year old boy calls that nurse and seeks advice on how to assist the child with the recent death of his paternal grandfather. the boy keeps asking when his grandpa is coming back. how should the nurse respond?
this is normal; children his age do not understand the permanence of death
the nurse is developing a nursing care plan for a hospitalized 6 year old. which behavior would warrant nursing intervention?
the child does not want to play games with other children on the hospital ward.
the nurse is caring for preschoolers in a day care center. for this age group, of what developmental milestones should the nurse be aware? select all that apply.
-counting 10 or more objects
-correctly naming at least 4 colors
-understanding concept of time
-knowing everyday objects
when observing a group of preschoolers at play in the clinic waiting room, which type of play would the nurse be least likely to note?
parallel play
the nurse is supervising lunch time for children on a pediatric ward. which observation if noted by the nurse would require further assessment?
a child uses his fingers and refuses to use a fork
the nurse of a preschool child is helping parents develop a healthy meal plan for their child. what nutritional requirements for this age group should the nurse consider?
the typical preschooler requires about 85 kcal/kg of body weight
the parents of a 4 year old who is a picky eater ask the nurse what foods to include in their child’s diet to provide adequate iron consumption. which food would the nurse recommend?
cooked lentils
the nurse is counseling parents of a picky eater on how to promote healthy eating habits in their child. which intervention would be appropriate advice?
present the food matter of factly and allow the chid to choose what to eat
which food suggestion would be most appropriate for the mother of a preschooler to ensure an adequate intake of calcium?
white beans
the nurse is providing teaching about accidental poisoning to the family of a 3 year old. the nurse understands that a child of this age is at increased risk of accidental ingestion due to which sensory alteration?
a less discriminating sense of taste
the nurse is conducting a well child assessment for a 5 year old boy in preparation for kindergarten. the boys grandmother is his primary caregiver because the boy’s mother has suffered from depression i and substance abuse issues. the nurse understands that the child is at increased risk for which developmental problem?
lack of social and emotional readiness for school
the nurse is caring for a 4 year old girl. the mother says that the girl is afraid of cats and dogs and does not like to go to the playground anymore because she wants to avoid dogs that are often being walked at the park. what should the nurse tell the mother?
acknowledge fear and help her develop a strategy to deal with it
the nurse is providing teaching about car safety to the parents of a 5 year old girl who weighs 45 lbs. what should the nurse instruct the parents to do?
place her in a booster seat with lap and shoulder belts in back seat
the nurse is caring for a premature baby in the NICU. the mother reports that the infant’s normally happy and outgoing 5 year old sister is acting sad and withdrawn. the nurse understands that due to her developmental stage, the girl is at risk of what happening?
viewing her baby sister’s illness as her fault
when providing anticipatory guidance to parents about their preschool son who was caught in a lie, what would the nurse emphasize?
you need to determine the reason for lying before punishing the child
the nurse is providing anticipatory guidance for parents of a preschooler regarding sex education. what is a recommended guideline when dealing with this issue?
before answering questions, find out what the child thinks about the subject
the parents of a preschooler express concerns to the nurse about their son’s new habit of masturbating. what is an appropriate response to this concern?
treat the action in a matter of fact manner emphasizing safety
the parents of a 5 year old are concerned that their son is too short for his age. the nurse measures the child’s height in 40 in. (101.6 cm) how should the nurse respond?
the average height for a 5 year old is 43 in (118.5 cm) so your son is within normal range for height
