CH. 27

Question 1

This is any machine that can perform mathematical computations, manipulate information, and make decisions.

Answer 1

Computer

Question 2

A collection of hundreds of algorithms that allow the user to perform a general application such as calculating taxes, word processing, and organizing a data base is known as what?

Answer 2

Computer program

Question 3

This is an algorithm stored apart from the overall instructions in a program acessible by a go to command for a function that will be used repeatedly.

Answer 3

Subtroutine

Question 4

This is a machines ability to make decisions based on logic functions such as do, if then, and if else.

Answer 4

Artificial Intelligence

Question 5

This is part of the computer that interprets and executes instructions is called?

Answer 5

Central processing unit (CPUs)

Question 6

CPUs that are contained on a single integrated circuit chip is called what?

Answer 6

microprocessor

Question 7

The power of a computer in terms of how much data it can process in a given time is measured as what?

Answer 7

units of millions of instructions per second or MIPS

Question 8

The over all power of a computer is determined by what?

Answer 8

speed of internal clock of the microprocessor and is measured in Hertz

Question 9

This has usually one single microprocessor and fits on a desktop.

Answer 9

Microcomputer- x-ray machine console

Question 10

This is many microprocessors from cabinet size to filling up a room.

Answer 10

Minicomputer- CT and MRI computers

Question 11

This is hundreds or thousands of microprocessors, fill large rooms or whole floors of buildings.

Answer 11

Mainframe and super computer- government and military organizations

Question 12

The 1st general purpose modern computer came in what year and was named what?

Answer 12

1944 and called Mark I or Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC)

Question 13

The 1st general purpose modern electronic computer came in what year and was called what?

Answer 13

1946 called an Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (eniac)

Question 14

This generation of computers contained vacuum tubes with conducting=filament heated=on.

Answer 14

1st generation-1951

Question 15

This generation of computer used transistors for logic. Conduction=silicon charge=on. They had magnetic cores for memory

Answer 15

2nd generation- 1958

Question 16

This generation of computer used microchips to enhance the miniaturization of integrated circuits. Had Large-Scale Integration (LSI)=thousands of elements and Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI)=millions of circuit elements onto a 1 cm chip.

Answer 16

4th generation- 1970 and 1990

Question 17

Chemical and photographic reductions processes are used to fuse millions of circuit elements onto a 1cm silicon wafer called a?

Answer 17

Chip

Question 18

This generation of computers used integrated circuits- miniaturized components chemically fused onto a small silicon chip in microscopic circuits.

Answer 18

3rd Generation- 1965

Question 19

This is the sharing of computer use by multiple simultaneous users.

Answer 19

Timesharing

Question 20

Silicon is a_____, and be doped by other chemicals to make it conduct, resist or block the flow of electricity.

Answer 20

Semiconductor

Question 21

Preprogrammed instructions for specific tasks are called what?

Answer 21

algorithms

Question 22

This was the turning point of computers?

Answer 22

Transistors

Question 23

This is a type of processing system

Answer 23

CPU

Question 24

This is a type of output device

Answer 24

Printer, Monitor speakers

Question 25

This is a type of input device

Answer 25

Mouse keyboard, IR Barscan

Question 26

These are memory and storage devices

Answer 26

RAM, USB, CD, Floppy disk, Phones, cameras

Question 27

Communications is?

Answer 27

Networking

Question 28

Telecommunications is?

Answer 28

Networking

Question 29

What does the term software refer to?

Answer 29

Programs such as thing we work in like Microsoft Office

Question 30

This is the flow of data carried by a multiwire line connecting input to output to memory storage to the CPUs.

Answer 30

BUS lines

Question 31

This directs flow of dats from primary memory and other devices it is programmed to select instructions from primary memory in proper order, interpret and relay them.

Answer 31

Contro Unit

Question 32

This performs arithmetic calculations and logic functions.

Answer 32

Arithmetic/Logic Unit

Question 33

Primary Memory is in what 4 sectors?

Answer 33

1. Program Storage for specific applications 2. Working or scratch pad storage for intermediate results 3. Temporary storage for input devices waiting to be processed 4. Temporary storace for processed data waiting to be exported.

Question 34

This is 8 bits (binary digits)

Answer 34

Bytes

Question 35

This is assigned to each permanent character stored within memory. Each storage unit consists of 8 storage units for bits.

Answer 35

Address

Question 36

Most memory is contained on what?

Answer 36

RAM and ROM chips mounted on boards and connected directly to the CPU.

Question 37

This stores the information when the computer is turned off.

Answer 37

ROM- read only

Question 38

Access memory is erased.

Answer 38

RAM- read

Question 39

The hard drive is arranged in what in how many bits?

Answer 39

Sectors, 64 bits

Question 40

This has a bascoat is plastic with a plastic layer with a groove cut and laser beams are pits with data

Answer 40

Optical disc

Question 41

Volatile is?

Answer 41

Erasable- ROM

Question 42

Nonvolatile is?

Answer 42

Non erasable- RAM

Question 43

Analog is?

Answer 43

Continuous more accurate difficult to read

Question 44

Digital is?

Answer 44

Limited reading

Question 45

During a radiographic exposure the various intensities of xrays that strike the image receptor can have any value and therefore constitute?

Answer 45

Analog Information

Question 46

Rounding these input values out to the nearest allowable discrete unit so the computer can manage then is the function of an?

Answer 46

Analog to digital converter

Question 47

Kilo in the decimal system is? Binary system?

Answer 47

10^3=1000 | 2^10=1024

Question 48

Mega is the decimal system is? Binary system?

Answer 48

10^6=1,000,000 | 2^20= 1,048,576

Question 49

Giga in the decimal system is? Binary system?

Answer 49

10^9= 1,000,000,000 | 2^30=1,073,741,824

Question 50

Kilo, Mega and Giga are which types of expressions?

Answer 50

Binary

Question 51

This is all instructions given to the computer hardware written in computer languages.

Answer 51

Computer Software

Question 52

This consists of 16 characters (0-9 and A-F) and each character represents 4 binary numbers.

Answer 52

Hexadecimal Code

Question 53

In a hexadecimal code 2 characters = what?

Answer 53

1 byte

Question 54

This determines the general format of operation presenting an appropriate interactive interface or desktop in connection with the appropriate input devices for broad use.

Answer 54

The Operating system

Question 55

The operating system us usually stored in what?

Answer 55

ROM

Question 56

What are examples of computer Operating Systems?

Answer 56

Windows, Unix, MAC-OS

Question 57

These are designed to make the entire computer system more user friendly?

Answer 57

Systems Software

Question 58

These are programs written in user friendly languages to carry out specific user tasks.

Answer 58

Applications Software

Question 59

What are examples of Systems Software?

Answer 59

assemblers, compliers, interpreters, and operating systems.

Question 60

What are examples of applications software?

Answer 60

Word processing, communications, spreadsheets, graphics, database management

Question 61

What are the 4 types of processing methods?

Answer 61

1. ONline 2. Batch 3. Real-time 4. Time-sharing

Question 62

This is data processed immediately upon entering a command requires user to be present.

Answer 62

Online

Question 63

This is large amounts of data subjected to only a few operations user may be absent once started.

Answer 63

Batch

Question 64

This is an array of processors working in parallel to perform complex computations on large amounts of data.

Answer 64

Real time- Used in radiographic image display system

Question 65

This is a large central computer serving several terminals.

Answer 65

Time-sharing, PACS

Question 66

This is the rate of transmission.

Answer 66

Baud Rate

Question 67

Direct memory acess

Answer 67

Instantaneous

Question 68

LAN Local area netowrk

Answer 68

Server within a building, home internet

Question 69

Wide area Netowrk WAN

Answer 69

.

Question 70

RIS

Answer 70

Radiology Information System- houses data within radiology department, charges, schedules etc.

Question 71

HIS

Answer 71

Hospital Information System-Houses pt data

Question 72

This is the heart of a computer.

Answer 72

Microprocessor

Question 73

This is computer components that consist of all the physical components including input devices, the processing system, memory and storage devices, output devices and systems for communication.

Answer 73

Hardware of the computer

Question 74

This is the connection of bus lines to each device.

Answer 74

Ports

Question 75

Input/Output devices are also called what?

Answer 75

Peripherals