Ch. 25 Cancer

Question 1

Neoplasm?

Answer 1

abnormal mass of cells

“a.k.a” Tumor

Question 2

How is cancer diagnosed?

Answer 2

1. Blood test
2. Scan
3. Biopsy

Question 3

Blood biochemistries?

Answer 3

• Increased WBC count
• Anemia
• Altered organ function
• Altered electrolyte levels

Question 4

Tumor Markers?

Answer 4

• PSA
• CA-125
• CEA
• HCG

Question 5

Types of scans?

Answer 5

MRI
CT
PET
X-ray

Question 6

How can food affect cancer?

Answer 6

• Directly damage DNA
• Alter breakdown of carcinogens
• Inhibit formation of carcinogens

Question 7

Obesity role in cancer?

Answer 7

• Linked to colon and breast cancer

- Alter growth hormone levels

Question 8

Alcohol role in cancer?

Answer 8

-Linked to head, neck, colon, rectum, breast, and liver cancer

Question 9

Remember about cooked meat and fruits and vegetables

Answer 9

.

Question 10

Nutrition related side effects of surgery?

Answer 10

• induces metabolic stress
• Increases protein and energy needs
• Pain, fatigue, anorexia
• Blood loss leading to anemia

Question 11

Side effects of Chemo?

Answer 11

• GI cell loss
• hair loss
• skin problems
• Destruction of blood cells compromising immune system

Question 12

Nutrition related side effects of chemo?

Answer 12

1. Reduced intake: mouth ulcers, N/V, reduced taste, anorexia
2. Accelerated nutrient losses: Diarrhea, GI inflammation, vomiting, malabsorption
3. Metabolic alterations: Fluid and Elec imbalance, hyperglycemia, altered ability to metabolize vitamins, negative nitrogen balance

Question 13

Protein and energy requirements?

Answer 13

• Weight Maintenance: 1-1.5 g/kg protein—25-35kcal/kg energy
• Weight gain: 1.5-2.0 g/kg protein—-35-45 kcal/kg energy

Question 14

Remember low microbial diet, manage symptoms,, and enteral and parenteral nutrition

Answer 14

.

Question 15

What is Megace and Marinol?

Answer 15

appetite stimulants