Ch 24 Environmental Emergencies

Question 1

body temp is monitored and controlled by (2)

Answer 1

hypothalamus

brain

Question 2

how does the body conserve heat

Answer 2

by constricting blood vsls (vasoconstriction) and sending warm blood from surface of skin to internal organs

Question 3

? 3 organ systems are responsible for cooling the body?

Answer 3

skin
cardiovascular
respiratory

Question 4

? r the 5 mechanisms heat loss occurs

Answer 4

radiation (most significant)
convection
conduction
evaporation
respiration

Question 5

how is heat produced

Answer 5

metabolism

Question 6

body heat lost to surrounding air, which becomes warmer, rises, and is replaced with cooler air
Wind Chill

Answer 6

convection

Question 7

body heat is lost to nearby objects through direct physical contact (water chill)

Answer 7

conduction

Question 8

high level humidity reduces heat by

Answer 8

evaporation

Question 9

hypothermia is present at ? degree F

Answer 9

95

Question 10

coma occurs at?

Answer 10

79 F

Question 11

when does hyPERthermia occur

Answer 11

when body is unable to cool itself

Question 12

most important phase in management for hypothermia

Answer 12

first 30 min

Question 13

how soon can death occur in hypothermia

Answer 13

within 2 hrs

Question 14

stages of hypothermia

Answer 14

mild
moderate
severe
profound

Question 15

95 F to 91.4 F

Answer 15

mild

Question 16

89.6 - 85.2 F

Answer 16

moderate

Question 17

82.4 - 71.6 F

Answer 17

severe

Question 18

68 - 48.2

Answer 18

profound

Question 19

piloerection causes

Answer 19

goose bumps

Question 20

body temp drops how many times faster in water

Answer 20

25-30

Question 21

a clinical syndrome characterized by an absence or severe deficiency of hormone secreted by the thyroid

Answer 21

hypothyroidism

Question 22

myxedema coma

Answer 22

complication that occurs late in progression of hypothyroidism can be fatal

Question 23

local cold injury

Answer 23

occurs when ice crystals form between the cells of the skin

Question 24

basic principles of emergency care for hypothermia

Answer 24

preventing heat loss
rewarming PT as quickly as possible
staying alert for complications

Question 25

key to emergency care for local cold injury is to never

Answer 25

thaw the tissue if their is a possiblity of refreezing

Question 26

the least serious form of heat related injury is muscle spasms or cramps pain to the flexor muscles that r thought to be as a result of the body losing salt or by electrolyte imbalance to the muscle

Answer 26

heat cramps

Question 27

extreme physical exertion in a hot humid environment, also occurs when body’s cooling mechanisms have been expended

Answer 27

heat exhaustion

Question 28

T/F heat stroke does not have to first suffer from heat cramps and heat exhaustion

Answer 28

true

Question 29

this occurs when the thermoreregulatory mechanism of the body fails to sense and compensate for elevations of the core temp
extreme form of hypothermia

Answer 29

heat stroke

Question 30

heart and nervous system effected by lightning strike T/F

Answer 30

True

Question 31

high altitude

Answer 31

5,000 ft or greater

Question 32

acute mountain sickness

Answer 32

6,600 ft or greater

Question 33

high altitude pulmonary edema

Answer 33

8,000 ft or greater

Question 34

high altitude cerebral edema

Answer 34

12,000 ft or greater