Ch. 23 Vocab

Question 0

Direct Inguinal Hernia?

Answer 0

A hernia that results from the weakness in the inguinal floor.

Question 1

Abdominal Peritoneum?

Answer 1

The serous membrane lining the walls of the of abdominal cavity. The retroperitoneum is the posterior aspect. In surgical discussions, abdominal usually refers to the anterior aspect.

Question 2

Evisceration?

Answer 2

Protrusions of the viscera outside the body as a result of trauma or wound disruption.

Question 3

Fistula?

Answer 3

An abdominal tract or passage leading from one organ to another or from an organ to the skin; usually cause by infection.

Question 4

Hernia?

Answer 4

A protrusion of tissue under the skin through a weekend are of the body wall.

Question 5

Incarcerated Hernia?

Answer 5

Herniated tissue that is trapped in an abdominal wall defect. Incarcerated tissue requires emergency surgery to prevent ischemia and tissue necrosis.

Question 6

Incisional Hernia?

Answer 6

The postoperative herniation of tissue into the tissue layers around an abdominal incision. This may occur in the immediate postoperative period or later, after the incision has healed.

Question 7

Indirect Inguinal Hernia?

Answer 7

A hernia that protrudes into the membranous sac of the spermatic cord. This condition usually is due to a congenital defect in the abdominal wall.

Question 8

Linea Alba?

Answer 8

A strip of avascular tissue that follows the midline and extends from the pubis to the xiphoid process.

Question 9

McBurney Incision?

Answer 9

An incision in which the oblique right muscle is manually split to allow removal of the appendix.

Question 10

Reduce?

Answer 10

To replace or push herniated tissue back into its normal anatomical position.

Question 11

Strangulated Hernia?

Answer 11

A hernia in which abdominal tissue has become trapped between the layers of an abdominal wall defect. The strangulated tissue usually becomes swollen as a result of venous congestion. Lack of blood supply can lead to tissue necrosis.

Question 12

Ventral Hernia?

Answer 12

A weakness in the abdominal wall, usually resulting in protrusion of abdominal viscera against the peritoneum and abdominal fascia.

Question 13

Viscera?

Answer 13

The organs or tissue of the abdominal cavity.

Question 14

Anastomosis?

Answer 14

A surgical procedure in which two hollow structures are joined.

Question 15

Billroth I procedure?

Answer 15

A gastroduodenostomy, or surgical anastomosis, of the stomach and the duodenum.

Question 16

Billroth II procedure?

Answer 16

A gastroduodenostomy, or surgical anastomosis, of the stomach and the jejunum.

Question 17

Bowel Technique?

Answer 17

A method of preventing cross-contamination between the bowel contents and the abdominal cavity.

Question 18

Esophageal Varices?

Answer 18

Distended veins of the esophagus, caused by advanced liver disease. The condition occurs as a result of portal vein obstruction arising from fibrosis of the liver. Esophageal varices may bleed profusely.

Question 19

Exploratory Laparotomy?

Answer 19

A laparotomy performed to examine the abdominal cavity when less invasive measures fail to confirm a diagnosis.

Question 20

Gastrostomy?

Answer 20

A surgical opening through the stomach wall connecting to the outside of the body or another hollow anatomical structure.

Question 21

Laparotomy?

Answer 21

A procedure in which the abdominal cavity is surgically opened. The techniques used for laparotomy are used for all open surgical procedures of the abdomen.

Question 22

Morbid Obesity?

Answer 22

A condition in which the patient’s body mass index (BMI) is 40 or higher, and the individual is at least 100 pounds (45kg) over the ideal weight despite aggressive attempts to lose weight.

Question 23

Nasogastric (NG) Tube?

Answer 23

A flexible tube inserted through the nose and advanced into the stomach. The NG tube is used to decompress the stomach or to provide a means of feeding the patient liquid nutrients and medication.

Question 24

-ostomy?

Answer 24

A suffix that refers to an opening between two hollow organs; for example, gastroduodenostomy, a surgical procedure that joins the stomach and duodenum.

Question 25

Ostomy?

Answer 25

A technique in which a new opening is made between a tubular structure such as the intestine or ureter and the outside of the body or another hollow structure or organ.

Question 26

Stoma?

Answer 26

An opening created in a hollow organ and sutured to the skin to drain the organ’s contents (e.g., an intestinal or ureteral stoma). A stoma may be a temporary or permanent method of bypass.

Question 27

Stoma Appliance?

Answer 27

A two- or three-piece medical device used to collect drainage from a stoma. The appliance is attached to the patient’s skin and completely covers the stoma. This allows free drainage into a collection device or bag.

Question 28

Cirrohosis?

Answer 28

A disease of the liver in which the tissue hardens and the venous drainage becomes blocked. It usually is caused by chronic alcoholism but may result from other disease conditions.

Question 29

Friable?

Answer 29

A descriptive term for tissue that means fragile and easily torn, and may bleed profusely. Some disease states produce friable tissue. The liver and spleen normally are friable.

Question 30

Lobectomy?

Answer 30

Surgical removal of one or more anatomical sections of the liver.

Question 31

Segmental Resection?

Answer 31

Anatomical resection of the liver in which segments divided by specific blood vessels and biliary ducts are removed.

Question 32

Body Image?

Answer 32

In psychology, the way a person sees himself or herself through the eyes of others. A negative body image can severely affect a patient’s sense of identity and social and personal interactions.

Question 33

Hook Wire?

Answer 33

A device used to pinpoint the exact location of a nonpalpable mass detected during a mammogram; also referred to as a hook needle. A fine wire is inserted into the mass during the examination, and the tissue around the needle is removed for pathological examination and definitive diagnosis.

Question 34

Mastectomy?

Answer 34

A procedure in which breast tissue, including the skin, areola, and nipple, is removed, but the lymph nodes are not removed; also called a simple mastectomy.

Question 35

Modified Radical Mastectomy?

Answer 35

A procedure in which the entire breast, nipple, and areolar region are removed. The lymph nodes also are usually removed.

Question 36

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB)?

Answer 36

A procedure in which one or more lymph nodes are removed to determine whether a tumor has metastasized. Other lymph nodes may be removed periodically to determine whether metastasis has occurred.

Question 37

Skin Flap?

Answer 37

A flap that is created by incising the skin and cutting it away from the underlying tissue to which it is attached. The flap can be increased in size or “raised” as it is enlarged by dissection.

Question 38

Subcutaneous Mastectomy?

Answer 38

A procedure in which the breast is removed, but the skin, nipple, and areola are left intact; also called a lumpectomy.

Question 39

Technetium 99?

Answer 39

A radioactive substance used to identify sentinel lymph nodes.

Question 40

Wire Localization?

Answer 40

A biopsy procedure in which a hook wire is inserted under fluoroscopy into tissue suspected of being cancerous. The tissue surrounding the hook wire is removed.