Ch. 23 Neuro Flashcards
Parietal lobe is responsible for
it assists in tactile sensations to
recognition of _ _ and awareness of body position also called
processing sensory data as it is received.
temperature, pressure, pain, size, shape, texture, and two point discrimination
also visual, taste, smell, and hearing sensations.
body parts, proprioception
occipital lobe =
vision
temporal lobe=
reception and interpretation of speech is located in
hippocampi responsible for
responsible for the perception and interpretation of sounds and determination of their source.
also taste, smell, and balance
Wernicke area
memory
basal ganglia refine
motor movements
cerebellum aids in
voluntary movement, have ipsilateral same side control of the body
motor or efferent fibers of anterior root carry impulses from the spinal cord to the _ and _ of the body
afferent of posterior root carry impulses from the sensory receptors of the body to the _ _ and then to the brain for interpretation by cerebral sensory cortex.
muscles and glands
spinal cord
Infants/children major portion of brain growth occurs in first year of life alone with _ of the brain and nervous system
primitive reflexes present at birth are:
motor maturation proceeds in a _ direction
myelinization
Moro, stepping, plantar and palmar grasp.
cephalocaudal (motor control of head and neck occur first then trunk and extremities)
Elderly brain size _ as well as cerebral neurons
taste smell and _
_ _ _ may be diminished from velocity of nerve impulse conduction declining.
_ disturbances also occur
decreases
vision are diminished
deep tendon reflex
sleep
Automatism means
eyelid fluttering, chewing, lip smacking, swallowing during seizures.
when assessing olfactory nerve this is only done when there is a problem with odors this is done by closing one nostril and alternating odors.
Inflammation, allergic rhinitis, _ may interfere with odor,
with _ this diminishes as well
Anosmia is when
smoking , age
there is a loss in sense of smell or inability to discriminate odors.
the _ cranial nerve is first to lose function in presence of increased intracranial pressure
6th (abducens)
Romberg test is done to assess
if positive this means
balance
cerebellar ataxia, vestibular dysfunction, or sensory loss..
loss of sensation can mean
if lose of sensory modalities when moving big toe up and down can mean
spinal stract, brainstem, or cerebral lesions.
peripheral neuropathy or if symmetric sensory loss indicates polyneuropathy
tactile agnosia is the inability to
recognize objects by touch and can suggest a parietal lobe lesion.
graphesthesia
extinction phenomenon is when
draw a letter, number or shape on palm of patients hand while eyes closed
simultaneously touch two areas on each side of the body with sharp edge ask patient to tell where touched and number of stimuli.
plantar reflex use end of _ to stroke lateral side of foot from _ to ball and then across the _
expect plantar flexion of all toes
Babinski is common in _ if in adult can mean _ _ _ _
hammer, heel, ball.
children <2 , upper motor neuron disorder
absent deep tendon reflex can mean
hyperactive can suggest an
neuropathy or lower motor neuron disorder
upper motor neuron disorder.
Brachioradial reflex hit tendon directly 1-2 in above wrist result should be
achillis reflex causes
sustained clonus after moving foot up and down is related to
pronation of forearm and flexion of the elbow
plantar flexion of the foot
upper neuron motor disease
classic symptoms of meningitis (3)
also
fever, stiff neck, altered mental status
headache, nausea, vomiting, rash, chills, myalgia
Decorticate and decerebrate found in unresponsive patients with brain injury
decorticate or _
Decerebrate or _
in both feet or _ _
flexor above brainstem (arms flexed on chest)
extensor injury to brainstem (arms to side)
plantar flexed
infants hands are usually held in fists up to _ months
purposeful movement like reaching or grasping occurs at _ months
transfer objects hand to hand at _ months
rooting reflex in infant is when
sucking reflex put finger in mouth CN V
3
2
7
CN V touch corner of infants mouth the infant should open mouth and turn head in that direction unless recently fed.
palmar grasp strongest at
rooting gone by
plantar gone by
asymmetric tonic neck or “fencing” by 2-3 months.
1-2 months gone by 3 months
3-4 months
8 months
turn head… arm on that side should extend and leg on same side extend… opposite side flexed disappears by 6 months
positive babinski reflex should be normal until
16-24 months
For children to assess for deep tendon reflex use _ _
light touch sensation you can _ child
graphesthesia use only _
index finger instead of hammer because threatened
tickle and ask where felt
figures instead of numbers
The Timed Up and Go Test is used to test _ _ and _ function in elderly
walking assistive devices can be used but no support from examiner.
Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment Tool also known as performace oriented mobility assessment POMA is used for
a score of _ or less indicates high risk for fall
balance, strength, and cerebellar
any older adult thought to be at risk for falls or people who have difficulty performing daily activities requiring mobility or performing a task that involves unsupported standing.
21 out of 28
with aging it is normal to see a decrease in _ _ reflex or even absent
achilles and plantar reflex _ or difficult to elicit
deep tendon
absent
most common type of stroke is _
ischemic
15% intracranial or subarachnoid bleeding
