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Fundamentals Ch 23 Nutrition > Ch 23 > Flashcards

Ch 23 Flashcards

1
Q

_____ means excessive dry mouth

A

Xerostomia

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2
Q

____ is the process by which body uses food

A

Nutrition

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3
Q

______ is a condition resulting from lack of proper nutrition with diet

A

Malnutrition

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4
Q

_____ is a chemical and physical process in which body cells break down and utilize food, water and other chemicals needed to maintain life and function of each body system

A

Metabolism

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5
Q

____ “breaking” down where the body reduces complex substances into simpler substances

A

Catabolism

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6
Q

_____ is when the body uses components to build or reconstruct new components or tissue

A

Anabolism

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7
Q

Dietary guidelines for Americans 2015-2020
1. Protein foods such as seafood, lean meats, poultry, eggs, legumes, nuts, seeds, soy, and oils

Limit saturated and trans fats

A

Know

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8
Q

____ is the process by which food is broken down in the gi tract, begins in the mouth

A

Digestion

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9
Q

____ is moving food from the esophagus to the stomach, small intestines, large intestine, and rectum

A

Peristalsis

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10
Q

____ is the process by which nutrients are taken from end products of digestion villi

A

Absorption

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11
Q 
The 6 essential nutrients are 
1. Protein
2. Carbs
3. Fats 
These three are energy ^^
  1. Water
  2. Vitamins
  3. Minerals
    ^^^ essential for body function
A

Know

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12
Q

_____ builds, repairs, and maintains body tissue and is the main function.

A

Protein.

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13
Q

A gram of protein contains ____ kcals of the daily protein diet

A

4

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14
Q

Functions of _____

  1. New tissue production
  2. Formation of antibodies, enzymes, and hormones
  3. Necessary components for heat and energy production
  4. Component to assist in maintaining fluid balance between cells and bloodstream
  5. Maintaining acid base balance
A

Know

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15
Q

____ is a phase when it’s only needed under stress or illness

A

Conditional

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16
Q

_____ protein has to come from the 9 food sources.

A

Essential proteins

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17
Q

_____ proteins are food they contains all 9 essential amino acids (red meat)

A

Complete proteins

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18
Q

____ is the only veggie complete protein

A

Soy

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19
Q

____ protein come from plant sources and does not have all essential amino acids

A

Incomplete proteins

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20
Q

Severe protein deficiency typically after weined from breast feeding is called ____

A

Kwashikor

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21
Q

Excess protein can play a role in ____ disease

A

Kidney disease

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22
Q

____ has added hydrogen and makes the product last longer on the shelf (processed and fast foods) increases the bad cholesterol

A

Trans fat

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23
Q

What increases the bad cholesterol

A

Trans fat

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24
Q

_______ is corn coil, and it decreases ones risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (good fats)

A

Polyunsaturated

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25
Q

_____ _____ are from animal sources and they are not good for you.

A

Saturated fats

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26
Q

____ help us lower our blood levels of bad cholesterol. LDL (liquid at room temp and it’s solid at cold)

A

Mono saturated

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27
Q

____ is the good cholesterol

A

HDL

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28
Q

____ is the bad cholesterol

A

LDL

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29
Q

LDL range is

A

130-159

30
Q

HDL range is ________ an it’s ok for it to be a bit higher

A

40-60mg

31
Q

____\___ is the most concentrated source of energy

A

Fats/lipids

32
Q

Fats/lipids provide ____ kcal per gram

A

9

33
Q

Protein is 10-35%

Fat is 25-35%

And carbs is 45-65%

A

Know

34
Q

___ makes us feel fuller longer

A

Fat

35
Q

____ is the feeling of fullness, content

A

Satiety

36
Q

____ is the cholesterol that takes cholesterol back to the liver from the cells

A

HDL

37
Q

___ is the cholesterol that transports cholesterol to the cells from the liver

A

LDL

38
Q

____ is the fat that is stored in the body but also found in food.

A

Triglycerides

39
Q

High levels of ____ contribute to coronary artery disease and metabolic syndrome

A

Triglycerides

40
Q

____ is a carb that is the primary energy

A

Glucose

41
Q

______ carbs are the glucose and fructose that rapidly rise the blood glucose

A

Simple carbs

42
Q

____ carbs is what we need more of and it takes it longer to digest

A

Complex carbs

43
Q

____ is the primary energy source

A

Carbs

44
Q

____ functions to reduced to glucose, salivary amylase, Burns stored fat and causes weight gain and obesity

A

Carbs

45
Q

_____ fiber is digested and attracts water making one feel full longer

A

Soluble

46
Q

____ fiber is not digested and acts like a bull laxative you need 25-35g daily

A

Insoluble

47
Q

____ stabilizes blood glucose level

A

Fiber

48
Q

___ decreases LDL and reduces risk of coronary artery disease
Promotes normal bowel movement, increases absorption of minerals

A

Fiber

49
Q

It is important to consume adequate amounts of ___________ through your diet or supplements because your body cannot make this. And it is a critical component of normal functioning

A

Water soluble vitamin.

50
Q

Fat soluble vitamins are

A

A, d, e, k

51
Q

_____ also called thymine is whole grains, water soluble( promotes function of nerve conduction. Typically given to alcoholics

A

B1 thymine

52
Q

___ is the disease of vitamin b1 thymine when there is a deficiency.

A

Beriberi

53
Q

List the three antioxidants

A

A
C
E

54
Q

______ prevents disease such as cancer.

A

AC,&E

55
Q

Vitamin ____ is fat soluble and helps with blood clotting. Green leafy veggies made by intentional flora

A

K

56
Q

Vitamin ____ is also riboflavin. Green leafy veggies and deficiency results in cracks in the mouth and magenta colored tongue and light destroys this.

A

Vitamin b2

57
Q

Vitamin ____ is fat soluble. Retinol, promotes night vision and pretty skin

A

Vitamin a

58
Q

Vitamin ___ is fat soluble and is the sun shine vitamin. Helps with strong bones and teeth needed to absorb calcium to

A

D

59
Q

Lack of vitamin ___ forms ricketts in children and bone softening and deformities in adults

A

D

60
Q

Vitamin ____ also called niacin can be given to lower cholesterol through meat milk and fish.

A

B3

61
Q

Vitamin ___ niacins deficiency disease is called pellagra, dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death

A

B3

62
Q

Vitamin ___ niacin is for healthy eyes hair and skin

A

B3

63
Q

Also called ascorbic acid. Citrus fruits, antioxidants and wound healing, teeth and gums healthy

A

Vitamin c

64
Q

The deficiency disease is scurvy and causes bleeding gums and anemia what vitamin is this

A

Vitamin c

65
Q

When you have renal and congestive heart failure ____ is typically restricted

A

Water

66
Q

____ what mineral is the structural component of bone and cell membrane

A

Phosphorous

67
Q

_____ is a mineral needed for proper growth and immune system

A

Zinc

68
Q

____ can be consumed from cantaloupe sweet potatoes bananas helping with proper nerve conduction and maintains the BP level to much of this can stop your heart

A

Potassium (K)

69
Q

____ causes muscle weakness and cramping it’s the disease caused from low potassium

A

Hypokalemia

70
Q

____ is important to maintain cardiac rhythm and is helpful for neuromuscular activity

A

Magnesium

71
Q

___ is needed for good hgb

A

Iron

72
Q

____ promotes thyroid function and can be from salt water seafood and helps with metabolism

A

Iodine

Fundamentals Ch 23 Nutrition (2 decks)

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