Ch. 23 Flashcards
What are three main structures of seed plants?
Roots, stems, leaves.
What are the three tissue systems in plants?
Epidermal, vascular, ground.
What type of cells make up tissue systems?
Dermal - epidermal, guard
Vascular - xylem (trachied, vessel elements), phloem (sieve tubes, companion cells)
Ground
Where does plant growth occur?
End of roots and stems.
Where would you find meristem?
Undifferentiated cells.
2 types of roots.
Tap & fibrous.
What are the main functions of roots?
Anchors plant & brings in water.
What do stems do? (3)
Holds leaves, transport materials, store.
What are the two parts of a leaf?
Petiole & blade.
What layer of leaf tissue does most photosynthesis occur?
Mesophyll.
What are the closable openings in leaves that control gas exchange and water loss?
Stomata.
What three processes combine to move water into plants?
Root pressure, capillary action, transpiration.
How does capillary action work?
Cohesion & adhesion.
What is the first tissue in a plant seedling?
Meristem.
What do tree rings represent?
Age and growth of vascular system.
What do thick and thin tree rings indicate?
Weather patterns.
What is heartwood and sapwood in a tree?
Sap. - growing vascular system outside tree
Heart - dead vascular system inside tree
What cells control the opening of the stomata in leaves?
Guard cells.
What causes wilting?
Lack of water.
What is a source and a sink in a plant?
Source - anything making sugar
Sink - anything that uses sugars
How do roots take in water?
Active transport. It moves minerals into cells - osmosis.
