ch 23 Flashcards
Spongiosis
intracellular epidermal edema
Acantholysis
loss of intercellular keratinocyteadhesion
what is urticaria
Hives
this is a type I hypersensitivity
20-40 year olds
fades in 24 hours
what is hereditary angioedema urticaria
this is a inherited disease of C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency
could be deadly if it involves the pharynx
what is eczema (allergic contact dermatitis)
this is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction (delayed)
limited to site of contact
itchy edematous, oozing
atopic dermatitis
subcategory of eczema
childhood onset, improves with age
what is the atopic triad
asthma
allergic rhinitis
Atopic dermatitis
erythema multiforme
type IV hypersensitivity
“Targetoid lesions”
lesions is erosive and hemorrhagic crusts
septic infection
what are the 2 types of erythema multiforme
erythema multiforme minor (post-infection) more mild
erythema multiforme major (drug reaction ) severe epidermal damage
what is Psoriasis
“Well-demarcated, pink to salmon-colored plaquecovered by loosely adherent silver-white scale”
what is the Koebner phenomenon
Psoriasis that is caused by Local trauma: unregulated inflammation
what are the Lichen planus 6P’s
pruritic, purple, polygonal, planar, papules, plaques
what part of the skin does Lichen planus form and how long does it last
dermoepidermal
1-2 years
what is lichen simplex chronicus
rough skin that is idiopathic caused by chronic repetitive trauma that will leave dermal scaring
may accompany eczema or psoriasis
what is impetigo
superficial bacterial infection from staph. aureus with a honey-colored crusts
what is another name for a fungal infection of the skin
mycosis
what is mycosis
Dermatophytosis (ringworm)
more aggressive (Aspergillus fumigatus), angioinvasive
possible granuloma formation (coming together of macrophages)
what is another name for Verrucae
wart
what is a Verrucae
verruca vulgaris MC type of wart verruca plana (flat wart)
what will cause Verrucae to become large 2 cm
immunodeficiency
what is a Bullous disorders
blister
what is most common type of Bullous disorders
secondary to other conditions
what is pemphigus
a rare autoimmune blistering disorder
type II hypersensitivity
IgG with a fishnet like pattern
Pemphigus vulgaris
MC Pemphigus
suprabasal
Mucous membranes & skin
Pemphigus foliaceus
subcorneal
rare limited to the skin
Bullous pemphigoid
Type II hypersensitivity Subepidermal blister (below the skin) “Tense bullae” - serous filled older adults IgG (linear)
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Associated with celiac disease
dorsal elbow
IgA antibodies: dermal papillae
what are the 3 Benign epithelial lesions
- Seborrheic keratosis
- Sebaceous adenoma
- Actinic keratosis
what is Seborrheic keratosis
Benign epidermal tumors
Flat, round, “coin-like” “stuck-on” plaques
brown
numerous (100s)
Sebaceous adenoma
benign skin condition
Flesh-colored papule
slow-growing
head and neck
what is actinic keratosis
Dysplastic changes precede epidermal CA MC with light skin pigment tan-brown, red, or skin-toned “sandpaper-like” <1 cm
Solar lentigo
AKA: liver spots
Hyperplasia of melanocytes
Prolonged UV exposure
May disguise CA
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC
Common form of CA
↑ total sun exposure
tar & oil, burns
arsenic-containing compounds
what do SCC arise from and what do they look like
Arise from prior actinic keratoses
Sharply-defined lesions, dark brown or red color
what is the most common form of skin cancer
Basal cell carcinoma
what pathway is involved in Basal cell carcinoma
Hedgehog pathway
what does basal cell carcinoma look like
Cells resemble normal basal cells
“Pearly papules,”
Advanced: ulceration, bone & sinus invasion
