ch 23 Flashcards
the abdominal cavity is lined with
peritoneum
the adominal peritoneum is lined with 2 layers
innermost layer
outermost layer
visceral-innermost layer
parital- outermost layer
spleen, liver, pancreas, kidneys soolid or hollow?
solid
stomach, gallbladder, duodenum, large & small intestine, bladder, solid or hollow?
hollow
one of the most leathal causes of abdominal pain results from atherosclerosis. a weakened ballooned area of the wall of the abdominal aorta
abdominal aortic aneurysm
the reduction of number of red blood cells in circulating blood volume
anemia
some RBC’s do not carry oxygen as a result they become fragile stiff and ridgid that end up blocking capillary flow. cells and tissue die and prone to infection
sickle cell anemia
blood disorder that affects clotting, longer bleeding because clots do not form
hemophilia
the uterus is lined by endometrium which is sloughed off during
mensus or menstrual period
the vagina, uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes are internal/external
internal
the vagina has 3 functions
birth canal
recieves penis
passageway for menstual flow
strong uterine cramps that cause the severe pain during menstration
dysmenorrhea
pain in the middle of a menstrual cycle
mittelscherz
a condition in which endometrial tissues grow outside the uterus
endometriosis
artificial process used to remove water and waste substances from blood when kidneys fail to function properly
dialysis
acute renal failure happens
over a period of days
chronic renal failure occurs
over a period of years
renal calculi, or crystals of substances such as calcium, uric acid, struvite
kidney stones
abdominal pain such as LBP, fainting, pale, cool clammy skin considered very seious high priority especially true if pain lasts longer than
6 hrs
gastroenteritis
inflammation of stomach and small intestines
cholecystitis
inflammation of gallbladder
also called somatic pain associated irritation of peritoneal lining which has a higher amount of sensitized nerve endings pain is localized and intense, sharp
parietal pain
actually visceral pain from organ itself
referred pain
2 major vascular structures
abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava
T/F hollow organs tend not to bleed as much as solid organs
true
1st part of the small intestine connects to the
duodenum
filters nutrients from the blood, stores glucose, aids in production of bile
liver
pear shaped sac, holds bile aids in the digestion of fat
gallbladder
aids in the production of blood cells and filters and stores blood
pancreas
parietal (somatic) pain and referred (visceral) pain
Which is localized?
parietal (somatic)
what organns are located behind the peritoneal space (retroperitoneal space)
KUPAA
kidneys, ureters, pancreas, and abdominal aorta
what has a highly sensitized nerve endings?
peritoneum
what type of pain is localized and found on one side of the body
parietal
what type of pain is poorly localized, when organs share a nerve pathway with skin sensory nerve
referred pain or visceral pain
this occurs when blood, pus, bacteria, and chemical substances leak into the peritoneal cavity
peritonitis
what abdominal contents leak into the abdominal cavity and irritate the peritoneum that will produce a sudden onset of severe sharp constant abdominal pain
acidic and alkaline
S & S of appendicitis
abdominal pain nausea vomiting
- low grade fever/chills
- lack of appetite
s & s of pancreatitis
abdominal pain nausea vomiting
jaundice
s & s of cholecystitis
abdominal pain nausea vomiting (GREENISH)
belching or heartburn
what causes upper gastrointestinal bleeds (3)
PU
GE
V
peptic ulcers
gastric erosion
varices
whaat r lower gastrointestinal bleeds caused from
big D
diverticulosis
occur more in women
common signs of gastrointestinal
abdominal pain
hematemesis
hematochezia
mellena
hematemesis
vomiting blood
hematochezia
bright red blood in stool
mellena
dark tarry stool
T/F
esophageal varices r painless bleeding in digestive tract
true
where is the stomach located
below the diaphragm
what is the 1st part of the small intestine that connects to the stomach
duodenum
where is the liver located
RUQ
where is the spleen located
LUQ
where is the pancreas
RUQ/LUQ
where is the stomach, spleen and pancreas
LUQ
where is the liver and gallbladder
RUQ
where is the appendix
RLQ
abdominal pain will result from one of the following three mechanisms: MII
mechanical forces (stretching)
inflamation
ischemia
what is a result of blockage in the intestines and results in inflammation and irritation
appendicitis
