Ch 22 ATI Flashcards
Salmonella complications and incubation
Meningitis or septicemia
6-72 hours
C botulinum complications and incubation
Possible respiratory or CNS problems
12-26 hours
Shigellosis Manifestations and incubation
Sick
Fever, anorexia, fatigue
Bloody diarrhea
How to determine infectious gastroenteritis agent
Rotavirus: Enzyme Assay
E. coli: Sorbitol Maconckey Agar
Salmonella: Gram stained stool culture
C. diff: Stool culture
C. botulinum: Blood and Stool culture
Staphylococcus: Identification in culture
G. lamblia: Enzyme immunoassay
Shigella: Stool culture
Caliciviruses: Enzyme linked immunoassay
Yersinia enterocolitis: ELISA, Stool Culture
Medication for C diff and Giardia
Metronidazole or Tinidazole
Enterobius vermicularis
Mebendazole
Albendazole
Pyrantel pamoate
Fluids to avoid while preparing for ORS
Fruit juices, sodas, gelatin
Caffeine
Chicken or beef froth
Dehydration Types
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic Dehydration
Water and sodium lost in equal amounts
Hypovolemic shock can result
Hypotonic Dehydration
Electrolyte loss greater than water loss
Physical manifestations are more severe with smaller fluid loss
Shock likely
Extracellular fluid moves to intracellular fluid
Hypertonic Dehydration
Water loss is greater than electrolyte loss
Shock is less likely
Intracellular fluid moves to extracellular fluid
Neuro changes
Manifestations of Mild Dehydration
Thirst
Cap refill greater than 2 seconds
Behavior, BP and Pulse WNL
Manifestations of Moderate Dehydration
Thirst and Irritability
Cap refill between 2 and 4 seconds
Pulse increased slightly
Tachypnea [slight]
decreased skin turgor
Manifestations of Severe Dehydration
Thirst [Extreme]
Cap refil greater than 4 seconds
Tachypnea
Tented skin
Hyperpnea
Oliguria or anuria
Management of Dehydration
Avoid potassium replacement until kidney function verified
