Ch 22 Flashcards
______ _____, the method used to prevent contamination during invasive procedures or procedures that involve entering the body cavities
Surgical asepsis
____ is the process used to kill blood borne pathogens and the growth of organisms that cause infection
Disinfection
_____ uses steam under pressure, gas, or radiation to kill all pathogens and their spores
Disinfection
______ : this method delivers steam under pressure, with heat ranging from 250-270F, to sterilize instruments that will not be harmed by heat and water under pressure (most reliable method)
Autoclaving
_____: this method of boiling instruments and supplies in water for 10 minutes kills non spore forming organisms but does not kill spores
Boiling
_______ ______: this method kills pathogens on sutures; some plastics, and biological materials that cannot be boiled or autoclaved
Ionizing radiation
________ _____: this method is used to kill pathogens on equipment and supplies that cannot be heated. An example is a chemical such as cidex which is used to sterilize rubber based catheters used in urological procedures
Chemical disinfection
_______ _____ disinfection is a method that kills pathogens on supplies and equipment that are heat sensitive or must remain dry. Ethyline oxide gas
Gaseous disinfection
Evidence that the wrapper has been wet appears as a discolored like at the level reached by the fluids is referred to as a _____-____
Strike through
It is sometimes needed that the staff remove street clothes upon entering the unit. Examples of restricted areas would be surgical suites, heart catherterization, delivery rooms, neonatal intensive care units, burn units, transplantation intensive care units and oncology units
Know this
____ refers to the potential presence of pathogens on a sterile field or sterile object due to the contact with an unsterile surface
Contamination
A _____ _____ is an area that is free from all microorganisms where additional sterile items can be placed until they are ready for use
Sterile field
______ _____: this means always being aware of potential or certain contamination of the sterile field or sterile objects and taking appropriate steps to correct the situation, such as replacing the contaminated object or reassembling the sterile field with new supplies
Sterile conscience
When opening sterile supplies be sure to
- Check the expiration date
- Check the sterilization tape, if present, for color change—— has marks should be dark
- Check the packaging for any holes or tears, which would make content unsterile
Know
When setting up the sterile field you must
1. The outer 1 inch of the sterile drape is considered contaminated because you must touch it as you set it up.
2 anything below the surface of the draped table is considered unsterile because you cannot see if it has been touched by unsterile surfaces
3 all parts of the sterile drape below the table are unsterile Bc they cannot be kept in your line of sight.
3 if the sterile field is damp or wet it is no longer sterile. The exception is if a drape is backed with a moisture proof material
Know
When adding items to the sterile field
* add sterile items to the field by opening the peel apart packs and dropping the item onto the field staying away from the contaminated 1 inch border.
* when adding sterile liquids to a basin in a sterile field by holding the bottle so that the label is against the palm of your hand to prevent dripping onto the label. Pour liquid by holding the bottle 4-6 inches above the basin. Pour slowly
Only after you donned sterile gloves can you touch the sterile field
Know
_____ ____, which is above the waist level, below eye level and infront of your body at all times
Safety zone
____ nurse is a registered nurse who assists in the OR by obtaining needed equipment. And supplies. She is not scrubbed in on the case she may leave the room to obtain needed items
Circulating nurse
____ nurse assist the healthcare provider throughout the surgery by handling instruments, holding retractors, and performing other tasks that require sterile garb.
Scrub nurse or surgical tech
Steps when making a sterile field
1. Open the first flap of the wrapper away from you then open the side flaps. Open the last flap toward you
To avoid reaching across the sterile field
Know
If your establishing a sterile field it’s a drape from a commercial pack
open the sterile container and remove the drape touching the outer 1 inch margin only. Avoid touching any other items located in the pack, underneath the sterile drape.
Allow the drape to unfold and place it on the selected service without contaminating the top working surface of the drape
Add the sterile time to the sterile field open the peel apart pack and drop the contents onto the drape
Be careful not to touch the items or drape with your bare hands and the two sides surfaces of the peel apart pack which are sterile. Should the sides be exposed to sterile silvers as you drop the sterile item onto the field hour nonsterile hands should be behind the sterile surface as the item is dropped
To add liquids to a sterile container- check the container for expiration date most facilities it can be used 24 to 48 hours later
Hold container with label in your palm. Remove our and place it on the edges up on a clean surface but not the sterile field
Finishing pouring the liquids into the sterile basin:
Pour a small amount into trash to prevent dust or microorganisms that may be present to prevent them being washed into sterile basin. It’s called “lipping”
Hold the bottle 4-6 above sterile basin. If you splash on the sterile drape your field is contaminated: unless you have a barrier style drape that has a plastic moisture proof backing on it. Don sterile gloves then you can touch items on the sterile field
Know
Doing a surgical hand scrub
- Turn on water to a comfortable warm temp. If water is to cold it does not wash off soap or destroy bacteria and causes chapping
- Rinse each hand and arm from finger tips to the elbows keep your finger tips above your elbows as you wash and rinse to prevent water from your arms running over clean hands
- Obtain a palmful of antibacterial soap using a foot control
- For the first hand wash lather your hands up to your arms to 2 inches above the elbow
Using running water, use a clean orange wood stick or anyone tool to clean your nails and around the cuticles
6. Rinse your hands and arms. Again from finger tips to elbows using the hands kept above elbows
7 scrub for a total of 2-5 minutes
