Ch 20 - Independent Ireland Flashcards
How was Ireland governed at the beginning of the 20th century?
Ireland was ruled directly from London
What were the three nationalist groups?
Home Rule Party, Irish Republican Brotherhood and Sinn Féin
Who were the nationalists?
People who wanted Irish people to run Irish affairs
What was Home Rule and who was the leader?
Dublin would look after internal affairs and Westminster would look after external affairs. John Redmond was the leader
What did the IRB want to achieve?
The IRB wanted complete independence and they were willing to fight for it
Who founded Sinn Fein and what were its aims?
Arthur Griffith founded Sinn Féin. The party wanted a dual monarchy for Ireland + Britain
What was parliamentary abstention?
When Irish MP’s would withdraw from the parliament in Westminster and set up their own in Westminster
Who were the unionists?
People who wanted to keep the union between Britain and Ireland
Name 2 unionist leaders
James Craig and Edward Carson
Which British political party supported unionism?
The conservative party
Why were unionists opposed to Home Rule?
They believed that Home Rule was a threat to the unity of the British Empire
Who founded the ITGWU?
James Larkin (Irish Transport and General Workers Union)
Why did clashes occur between workers and employers in 1913?
Larkin wanted to unionise unskilled workers so they would get better working conditions
Who led the Employers Federation?
William Martin Murphy
What happened during the Dublin Strike and Lockout 1913?
The ITGWU planned a strike on Aug 1913. Employers locked out workers and wouldn’t let them in. The Lockout lasted 5 months
Who founded the Irish Citizen Army?
James Connolly founded the Irish Citizen Army during the Lockout to protect the workers
Who founded the Irish Labour Party?
James Larkin and James Connolly founded it to represent workers in a new Home Rule parliament
What was the Parliament Act 1911?
A new law passed by liberals. It stated that the House of Lords could delay laws for only 2 years
What were the terms of the Third Home Rule Bill?
A parliament in Dublin would deal with internal affairs and parliament in Westminster would deal with external affairs
What part did the Ulster Solemn League and Covenant play?
The covenant promised that unionists would defend the cherished position of equal citizenship in the UK
What part did the Ulster Volunteer Force play?
The Ulster Volunteer force had 100,000 members who trained and drilled to resist the Home Rule
What part did the Larne gunrunning play?
The unionists needed arms and ammunition. On the 24th of April, 35k guns and 5m rounds of ammunition were smuggled into Larne, Co.Antrim
What part did the Conservative party play?
Andrew Bonar fully supported unionist opposition to Home Rule
What part did the Curragh Mutiny play?
British officers in Curragh said the would rather resign than march in Ulster to impose Home Rule
