Ch 20 Chemical Texturizing Flashcards
Chemical texture procedures involve changing the structure of the hair:
both physically and chemically
The natural pH of hair is between:
4.5 and 5.5
Compounds consisting of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur are:
amino acids
Peptide bonds are also known as:
end bonds
The strongest of the three side bonds are:
disulfide bonds
Salt bonds are broken by:
changes in pH
The measurement of the thickness or thinness of a liquid that affects how the fluid flows is:
viscosity
The neutralizer used with thio relaxers is usually:
hydrogen peroxide
Which straightening method combines use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing?
Japanese thermal straightening
Hydroxide relaxers remove one atom of sulfur from a disulfide bond, converting it into a _____ bond.
lanthionine
Guanidine hydroxide relaxers are advertised and sold as _____ relaxers.
no-lye
What is used to protect the skin and scalp during hair relaxing?
base cream
how far from the scalp do you start a virgin chemical relaxer?
1/4-inch to 1/2-inch
A _____ is a thio-based chemical service that reformats curly and wavy hair into looser and larger curls and waves.
soft curl permanent
A _____ is a conditioner with an acidic pH that conditions hair and restores the natural pH prior to shampooing.
normalizing lotion
Generally, keratin straightening treatments eliminate up to what percent of frizz and curl?
95 percent
The side bonds of the _____ must be broken in order to change the natural wave pattern of the hair.
cortex
Which type of hair requires a highly alkaline chemical solution?
coarse, resistant hair
Polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by _____ bonds.
peptide
A _____ bond is NOT a type of side bond.
peptide
Hydrogen bonds can be broken by:
water or heat
Disulfide bonds account for about _____ of the hair’s overall strength.
one-third
Which type of metal is NOT commonly used to form ionic compounds in metal hydroxide relaxers?
magnesium (Mg)
When the silicone polymers and formalin in keratin-based straightening treatments are heated to high temperatures, they release:
formaldehyde gas
Thio relaxers use the same ATG that is used in permanent waving, but at a:
higher concentration and a higher pH
Hydroxide relaxers are:
very strong alkalis
Which type of relaxers are commonly called lye relaxers?
sodium hydroxide
The sulfites used as low-pH hair relaxers are compatible with:
thio relaxers
It is recommended that you apply base cream when using:
base relaxers
A super-strength relaxer is recommended if the client has _____ hair.
extremely curly
When performing a chemical hair relaxing service, it is appropriate to:
conduct periodic strand tests during the service
