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Anatomy ch.20 & 21 > Ch 20. & 21 Fill in the Blanks > Flashcards

Ch 20. & 21 Fill in the Blanks Flashcards

0
Q

The only organs to filter lymph are?

A

Lymph Nodes

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1
Q

Most of the lymph enters the bloodstream into which vessel?

A

Left Subclavian Vein

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2
Q

The only lymphatic organ to filter blood is?

A

Spleen

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3
Q

The lymphatic organ that produces hormones and is involved in maturation of T lymphocytes is?

A

Thymus

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4
Q

The bactericidal enzyme secreted in mucus memranes is?

A

Lysozymes

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5
Q

The enzyme secreted by certain pathogens in that can dissolve the viscous ground substance in areolar tissue is?

A

Hyaluronidase

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6
Q

The release of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorite ion, by neutrophils is referred to as a?

A

Respiratory burst

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7
Q

Type of leukocyte with anti-parasitic activity and is also linked to allergic response is?

A

eosinophil

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8
Q

Lymphocyte that is active in nonspecific attack against viral or bacterial infected cell?

A

Natural killer cells

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9
Q

Circulating leukocytes that are precursors to macrophage are?

A

monocytes

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10
Q

Inflammatory leukocytes that releases histamine and heparin and attracts other WBC’s to the area of inflammation?

A

Basophils

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11
Q

Process of leukocytes adhering to wall of blood vessel?

A

Margination

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12
Q

Process of leukocytes squeezing through capillary walls?

A

Diapedesis

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13
Q

Type of leukocyte that is quickest to respond and begin phagocytosis?

A

Neutrophil

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14
Q

Phagocytic leukocyte that is the second to respond to an area of infection? (8-12 hours)

A

Macrophage

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15
Q

Factor released by endothelial cells and platelets that stimulates fibroblasts to begin synthesizing collagen?

A

Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)

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16
Q

Polypeptide secreted by virally infected cells that has protective effect on surrounding cells?

A

Interferons

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17
Q

Group of 20 enzyme like proteins in the blood that enhance inflammation and antimicrobial activity?

A

complement system

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18
Q

Covering of bacterial surface that permits or enhances phagocytosis by macrophages?

A

Opsonization

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19
Q

Protein produced by macrophages that stimulates the hypothalamus to secrete PDE which leads to fever?

A

Pyrogen

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20
Q

Antibody mediated specific immunity?

A

humoral rsponse

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21
Q

Molecules that can evoke an immune response and are usually (but not always) proteins?

A

Antigens

22
Q

Area on antibody that determines the class of the immunoglobin?

A

Heavy Chains region

23
Q

Area on antibody that binds foreign materials?

A

antigen binding site

24
Q

Class of antibody that is involved with secondary immune response and is the most abundant of the antibodies?

A

IgG

25
Q

Class of antibodies involved in secretions such as tears, saliva, and intestine juices?

A

IgA

26
Q

Class of antibody that is a pentameter and is involved in the initial immune response?

A

IgM

27
Q

Antibody action that cases cells to clump together?

A

Agglutination

28
Q

Antibody action that causes the antigen and antibody to form a solid particle that can be phagocytosed?

A

Precipitate

29
Q

Antibody that covers that active site of an antigen so that it is not harmful?

A

Neutralization

30
Q

Antibody action that activates 20 proteins in the nonspecific immune response?

A

Antigen Antibody reaction

31
Q

Destruction of lymphocytes in the fetus that are self reactive?

A

Negative Selection

32
Q

Term of lymphocytes that have developed antigen receptors in the fetus?

A

B-lymphocytes

33
Q

Hormone like messengers between lymphocytes?

A

Interleukin

34
Q

Type of lymphocyte involved in humoral immunity?

A

B-cell lymphocytes

35
Q

Active antibody producing cells in blood?

A

Plasma Cells

36
Q

Type of lymphocyte that is directly involved in attacking viral infected cells?

A

Killer T Cells

37
Q

Type of lymphocyte that is involved in the activation of both the cell mediated and humoral immunity?

A

Helper T Cell

38
Q

Type of cells that can activate B lymphocytes and Cytoxic T lymphocytes by bringing them antigen fragments?

A

APC’s

39
Q

Type of mediated cell that forms clones for future exposure to antigens?

A

Memory Cells

40
Q

Type of lymphocytes that can limit the attack of the immune system by releasing inhibiting lymphokines?

A

Suppressor T Cells

41
Q

Type of self antigen found on macrophages and other APC’s?

A

MHC-||

42
Q

Type of self antigen found on all nucleated cells?

A

MHC-|

43
Q

Type of MHC antigen that is recognized by CD4 receptors?

A

Killer T Cells

44
Q

Costimulator provided by helper T cells to cytotoxic T Cells?

A

Interleukin ||

45
Q

Function of lymphotoxins produced by Killer T Cells?

A

Digests DNA

46
Q

Chemical released by Killer T cells that punch holes in virally infected Cell?

A

Perferan Granules

47
Q

Factor produced by killer T cells that destroys cells infected by cancer?

A

Tumor necrosis Factor

48
Q

Type of T cell that slows down the immune response?

A

Suppressor T Cell

49
Q

Type of immunity that is transmitted from mother to fetus

A

Natural Passive

50
Q

Type of immunity that is developed from a vaccination?

A

Active Artificial

51
Q

Type of immunity developed after having a disease?

A

Natural Active

52
Q

Type of antibody involved in the Agglutination of red blood cells?

A

IgM

53
Q

Enzyme used by retroviruses to plant genetic material of the virus into the host’s genome?

A

Reverse Transcriptase

Anatomy ch.20 & 21 (2 decks)

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