Ch. 2 research ethics Flashcards
important rules that govern the conduct of psychological research:
- informed consent
- free from coercion
- right to withdrawal
- deception:
- debriefing
- confidentiality
code of ethics
- research should show respect for persons, be beneficent
- ethical reposting of data is necessary, and approval from institutional review boards should be gained
- psychologists must report truthfully, share credit and share data
informed consent
a verbal agreement to participate in a study made by an adult who has been informed of all the risks that participation may entail.
- doesn’t have to tell the hypothesis
can psychologists use deception?
Psychologists may use deception only when it is justified by the study’s scientific, educational, or applied value and when alternative procedures are not feasible. They may never deceive participants about any aspect of a study that could cause them physical or psychological harm or pain
debriefing
a verbal description of the true nature and purpose of a study.
the 3 Rs (animals)
replacement: researchers have to prove there is no alternative to using animals
reduction: must use the smallest number of animals possible
refinement: procedures must be modified to minimize the discomfort, infection, illness, and pain of animals.
once the data are collected, who ensures that they are ethically analyzed and reported?
No one. Psychology, like all sciences, works on the honour system.
cooercion
Freedom from coercion: Psychologists may not coerce participation. Coercion not only means physical and psychological coercion but monetary coercion as well. It is unethical to offer people large amounts of money to do something that they might otherwise decline to do. University students may be invited to participate in studies as part of their training in psychology, but they are ordinarily offered the option of learning the same things by other means.
