Ch 2 - PM and IT Context

Question 1

What are the three parts of the systems approach?

Answer 1

Systems Philosophy
Systems analysis
Systems management

Question 2

What is systems philosophy

Answer 2

An overall model for thinking about things as systems

Question 3

What is systems analysis

Answer 3

A problem solving approach

Question 4

What is systems management

Answer 4

Addresses business, technological, and organizational issues before making changes to systems

Question 5

What are the four frame of organizations

Answer 5

Structural
Human Resources
Political
Symbolic

Question 6

What is the structual frame:

Answer 6

Roles and responsibilities, coordination, and control

Question 7

What is the HR frame

Answer 7

providing harmony between needs of the organization and needs of people

Question 8

What is the political frame

Answer 8

coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups. COnflict and power are key issues

Question 9

What is the symbolic frame

Answer 9

symbols and meanings related to events. Culture, language, traditions, and image are parts of this frame

Question 10

What are the three basic organizational structures

Answer 10

Functional
Project
Matrix

Question 11

What is the functional organizational structure

Answer 11

functional managers report to the CEO

Question 12

What is the project organizational structure

Answer 12

Program managers report to the CEO

Question 13

What is the matrix organizational structure

Answer 13

middle ground between functional and project

–Personnel often report to two or more bosses; structure can be weak, balanced or a strong matrix

Question 14

A project life cycle is a collection of project phases that defines:

Answer 14

What work will be performed in each phases
what deliverables will be produced an when
who is involved in each phase
how management will control and approve work produced in each phase

Question 15

what is a deliverable

Answer 15

a product or sercide produced or provided as part of a project

Question 16

Describe the early phases of a project life cycle

Answer 16

resource need typicallu lowest
risk/uncertainty is highest
stakeholders have the greatest opportunity to influence the project

Question 17

Middle phases of a project life cycle

Answer 17

certainty of completing a project improves

more resources are needed

Question 18

the final phase of a project life cycle

Answer 18

ensuring project requirements were met

sponsor approves completion of the project

Question 19

what is the Systems development life cycle

Answer 19

a framework for describing the phases of developing information systems

Question 20

What are the different cycles a systems development project can follow

Answer 20

predictive
iterative
incrementa;
adaptive
hybrid

Question 21

What are the predictive life cycle models

Answer 21

waterfall
spiral
prototyping
rapid application development

Question 22

what is the waterfall method

Answer 22

has well defined linear stages of systems development and support

Question 23

spiral model

Answer 23

shows that software is developed using an iterative or spiral approach rather than a linerat approach

Question 24

prototyping model

Answer 24

used for developing prototypes to clarift user requirements

Question 25

rapid application development model

Answer 25

used to produce systems quickly without sacrificing quality

Question 26

what is outsourcing

Answer 26

outsourcing is when an organization acquires goods and or sources from an outside source.

Offshoring is sometimes used to describe outsourcing from another country