Ch 2 Physical Exam Flashcards
Total expression of a person’s emotional response, mood, cognitive functioning
Mental Status
Mania
Which acronym of questions should be used?
DIG FAST
Type of disorientation
Cerebral trauma, seizures, amnesia
Person Disorientation
Type of disorientation
Psychiatric disorders, delirium, and cognitive impairment
Place Disorientation
Type of disorientation
Anxiety, delirium, depression, cognitive impairment
Time disorientation
Standardized, brief screening tool (takes about 10 minutes to administer) to assess cognitive function and to detect changes over time
Consists of 11 items measuring orientation, registration, attention and calculation, recall, and language
Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE or Folstein Test)
Signs of possible cognitive impairment
Significant memory loss
Confusion
Impaired communication
Inappropriate affect
Personal care difficulties
Hazardous behavior
Agitation
Suspiciousness
Ask the patient to tell you the meaning of a fable, proverb, or metaphor
Abstract reasoning
Ask the patient to do simple arithmetic without paper and pencil within 1 minute
Arithmetic calculation
Ask the patient to write his/her name and address, or a dictated phrase
Writing ability
Ask the patient to tie their shoe lace or comb their hair
Execution of motor skills
Memory Test
Ask the patient to listen and then repeat a sentence or a series of numbers
Immediate recall
Memory test
Give the patient a short time to view four or five objects, saying you will ask about them in a few minutes
Ten minutes later, ask the patient to list the objects
Recent memory
Memory test
Ask the patient about verifiable past events
Remote Memory
Memory loss may results from:
Disease
Infection
Temporal lobe trauma
Ask the patient to spell the word WORLD forward and backwards or say the days of the week
Ability to perform arithmetic calculation
Attention span
Impaired judgment may indicate:
Mental retardation
Emotional disturbance
Dementia
Psychosis
Determine whether there is any difficulty or discomfort in phonation (volume, quality or pitch)
Voice quality
Evaluate spontaneous speech for pronunciation and ease of expression (slurring, stuttering, hesitations)
Articulation
Abnormal articulation includes:
Imprecise pronunciation of consonants
Slurring
Difficulty articulation a single speech sound
Repetitions
Stuttering
Ask the patient to follow simple one and two step directions
Comprehension
The patient’s intentions or perceptions should be clearly conveyed
Coherence
Pantomime or word substitution to avoid revealing that a word was forgotten
Circumlocution
Repetition of a word, phrase, or gesture
Preservation
