Ch 2: Motion along a straight line

Question 1

Kinematics

Answer 1

The classification and comparison of motion

Question 2

Particle

Answer 2

point-like object

Question 3

Displacement

Answer 3

A change of position ( ∆x = x2 - x1 )

It can be in a positive or negative direction

Question 4

Origin

Answer 4

reference point to find an object’s location

Question 5

Magnitude

Answer 5

the absolute value of a displacement

Question 6

Vector Quantity

Answer 6

A quantity that has both direction and magnitude (ex: displacement)

Question 7

Average Velocity

Answer 7

v(avg) = delta x / delta t

in words: average velocity is equal to the change in x over the change in t ( t = time)

Question 8

Average Speed

Answer 8

s(avg) = total distance / delta t

Question 9

Instantaneous Velocity

Answer 9

v = dx / dt

Question 10

Average accelaration

Answer 10

a(avg) = delta v / delta t

Question 11

instantaneous accelaration

Answer 11

a = dv / dt = d^2x / dt^2

in words: acceleration of a particle at any instants is the second derivative of x with respect to time

Question 12

g units

Answer 12

g = 9.8 m / s^2

Question 13

First Basic Equation

Answer 13

a = a(avg) =9 v- v0) / (t - t0)

v = v0 + at

Question 14

Second Basic Equation

Answer 14

v(avg) = (x - x0) / (t -0)

x = x0 + v(avg) t

v(avg) = 1/2 (v0 + v).

v(avg) = v0 + 1/2 at

x - x0 = v0t + 1/2a(t^2)

Question 15

Third Basic Equation

Answer 15

v^2 = v(0 -> 2) + 2a(x - x0)

Question 16

Fourth basic equation

Answer 16

x - x0 = 1/2 (v0 + v) t

Question 17

Fifth Basic Equation

Answer 17

x - x0 = vt - 1/2 a(t^2)

Question 18

Free Fall Acceleration

Answer 18

the downward acceleration without the effect of air

a = -g = -9.8 m/s^2