Ch 2, Management Tools Flashcards
The variety of emergencies that confront firefighters daily demands without fire departments have and use a ________ system for incident scene management
Incident command system
What was the impetus for the development of a new incident Management system known as the incident command system
Large multi jurisdictional wildfires in 1970 California
ICS is the result of a federally funded project called
Fire scope
National Fire academy model incident command system is also known as
ICS
Adopted by a number of federal agencies ICS was implemented using minor terminology organizational and procedural modifications to what original framework
Fire scope incident command system
Modifications to fire scope ICS created the ________ which was adaptable to an all hazards environment
NIIMS ICS
NIIMS consists of five major subsystems that collectively provide a total systems approach to risk management they are
ICS
Training
Qualification and certification system
Publications management
Supporting technologies
This subsystem of nims includes operating requirements, eight interactive components, and procedures for organizing and operating and on-scene management structure
ICS
Training should be ________ and support the effective operations of nims
Standardized
A subsystem of nims that includes development publication and distribution of nims materials
Publications management
A management system designed to control personnel facilities equipment and communications throughout an emergency operation
ICS
The incident command system is intended to begin developing from the time and incident occurs until
Requirement no longer exists
True / false the structure of ICS can be established and expanded depending upon the changing conditions of the incident
True
ICS allows agencies to communicate using ________and operating procedures
Common terminology
Incident command system is designed to be used in response to what incidents
All hazards
ICS has management capabilities for
Single incident Commander
Unified command
A single jurisdiction / single agency involvement would have what type of incident Commander
Single incident Commander
A single jurisdiction with multi-agency involvement would have what type of command
Unified command
A multi-jurisdictional incident with multi-agency involvement would have what type of command
Unified command
True/false ICS allows emergency responders to implement it with the least possible disruption to existing systems
True
ICS is effective in fulfilling all management requirements ________
Costs
The ICS is intended to be staffed and operated by qualified personnel from any emergency services agency and may involve personnel from
A variety of agencies
ICS has eight interactive components which provide the basis for an effective ICS concept of operation they are
Common terminology
Modular organization
Integrated communications
Unified command structure
Consolidated action plans
Manageable span of control
Does designated incident facilities
Comprehensive resource management
To prevent confusion when multiple incidents occur within the same jurisdiction or on the same radio frequency each incident should be
Named, broad Street command etc
________names are established and used for all personnel equipment and resources conducting tactical operations as well as all facilities in and around the incident area
Common names
When units are given a designated function they will no longer use their standard
Call letters
The ICS organizational structure develops in a modular fashion in which direction at any incident
Top down
The functional areas of ICS which are implemented as the need develops are
Command
Operations
Logistics
Planning
Finance/administration
True / false the command function of ICS is always established
True
The specific ICS organizational structure for any incident is based on the incidents
Management needs
________expansion can be implemented at an incident such as a mass casualty or hazmat incident
Modular expansion
In a hazmat or mass casualty incident by assigning a component individual as a ________ supervisor or ________ director these critical types of incidents can be well managed
Group supervisor or Branch director
The use of a branch instead of a group to handle mass casualty or hazmat incident readily allows the branch director to expand the branch without
Span of control concerns while responding to their responsibilities
This involves managing communications at an incident through the use of a common communications plan
Integrated communications
Standard operating guidelines for communications should be established using common terminology and
Clear text
Not only is it important that messages are received but it is also important that they are properly
Properly acknowledged
What is needed for diverse agencies to be able to effectively interact at an incident scene
Interoperability of communications
The command function within ICS may be conducted in two general ways
Single command
Unified command
This type of command function may be applied when there is no overlap in jurisdictional boundaries or when a single incident Commander is designated with overall incident responsibility
Single command
This type of command function may be applied when the incident is within one jurisdictional boundary but more than one agency shares management responsibility
Unified commands
This type of command function is used when an incident is multi-jurisdictional in nature and more than one agency needs to share overall management responsibility
Unified commands
On most incidents the IAP will not be ________ rather it is usually a thought process of the IC
Written
Written IAP should be considered whenever
Multiple jurisdictions are involved
Long duration incident
Multiple operational periods
When all general staff sections are staffed
Required by agency policy
Hazmat is involved
Special operations (confined space trench rescue)
The IAP should cover four topics during the operational period
Incident objectives
Strategies
Tactics
Support activities
On long duration incidents who will develop the incident action plan for the upcoming operational period
Incident Management team
Refers to the number of personnel reporting to any given individual
Span of control
The optimal span of control in the incident command system is
Five
The acceptable range of span of control within ICS is
2-7
With a situation that is not yet under control typically no one person operating under the ICS should have more than ________ personnel reporting to them
5
Span of control ratios can be driven by a number of factors they are
Training or experience level of subordinates
Complexity of the incident
Type or time frame of incident
True / false poorly trained or less experienced personnel require more direct supervision thereby lessening the number of subordinates one can manage effectively. The inverse is true with highly trained individuals
True
True/false the more complex the incident the fewer personnel can be effectively managed, and the narrower span of control must be
True
True/false a fast-moving incident may require a wider span of control with more divisions or groups in place
False it would need a tighter span of control with fewer divisions or groups
True/false and a slower moving operation such as overhaul the supervisor is less pressed for time and decision making and therefore can manage more personnel allowing for a wider span of control
True
For span of control purposes the following functions are not counted against the rule of five as reporting to a supervisor
Safety officer
Liaison officer
Public information officer
Rapid intervention crew
Staging area manager
Designated incident facilities such as ________ can be established based on the requirements of the incident
Command Post
Incident base
Staging area
Who determines when designated incident facilities are established and where they are located
Logistics or incident Commander
The location from which all incident operations are directed
cp
True/false multiple command posts may be established
False
The establishment of only one command post is especially critical when operating with
Multiple agencies
Agencies with a statutory responsibility for incident outcome will be part of a
Unified command
________is an area where primary logistics functions are coordinated and administered
Incident base
is staging area is a A location from which units can be rapidly deployed within ________minutes
3
True/false the location of an incident base will be a safe distance from the incident scene and units will not be readily deployable
True
Depending on the needs of the incident comprehensive resource Management may be accomplished using three different methods
Single resources
Task force
Strike team
This method of comprehensive resource Management includes individual engines squads ladder trucks rescues etc
Single resources
This method of comprehensive resource management is a group of resources having common communications and a leader that may be pre-established and sent to an incident or formed at an incident. example two engines of truck and a chief
Task force
This method of comprehensive resource management is a specified combination of the same kind and type of resources with common communications and a leader. Example five engines and a chief officer
Strike team
________when performed effectively should maximize resource use, consolidate control of large numbers of single resources, and reduce the communications load
Comprehensive resource management
ICS has five major functional areas
Command
Operations
Planning
Logistics
Finance administration
Use of ________improve safety by providing proper supervision accountability coordinated efforts and improved communications
ICS
Effective ________minimizes freelancing and can reduce the department or jurisdictions liability as well as the financial impact of emergencies
Incident Management
Department of Homeland security was created after
September 11th
On February 28th 2003 the President issued Homeland security Presidential directive 5 which directs the Secretary of Homeland security to develop and administer a
Nims
all federal departments and agencies are required by Homeland security to adopt
Nims
Tru/falls the government made nims adoption by state and local organizations a condition for federal preparedness assistance
True
Nims has six components
Command and management
Preparedness
Resource management
Communications and information management
Supporting technologies
Ongoing management and maintenance
________standardizes incident Management for all hazards and across all levels of government
Nims
The nims standard incident command structures are based on three key components
Incident command system
Multi-agency coordination systems
Public information systems
A standardized on scene emergency Management designs to provide for the adoption of and integrated organizational structure that reflects the complexity and demands of a single or multiple incidents without being hindered by jurisdictional boundaries
ICS
On large or wide scale emergencies that may require higher level resource management or information management what may be required
Multi-agency coordination systems
This is a combination of resources that are integrated into a common framework for coordinating and supporting domestic incident Management activities. These resources may include facilities equipment personnel procedures and communications
Multi-agency coordination systems
The primary function of multi-agency coordination systems are to
Support incident Management policies and priorities
Facilitate logistics support and resource tracking
Make resource allocation decisions based on incident Management priorities
Coordinate incident related information
Coordinate interagency issues regarding incident Management policies priority
Locations from which the coordination of information and resources to support incident activities takes place
Emergency operations centers
A combination of resources that are integrated into a common framework for coordinating and supporting domestic incident Management activities
Multi-agency coordination systems
The public information officer is a member of the command staff and operates within the parameters established for the
Joint information system
This offers an organized integrated and coordinated mechanism for providing information to the public during an emergency
Joint information system
To ensure coordination of public information what can be established
A joint information center
The NIMS establishes specific measures and capabilities that jurisdictions and agencies should develop and incorporate into an overall system to enhance ________ for incident Management and all hazards context
Operational preparedness
Standard mechanisms to describe inventory track and dispatch resources before during and after an incident
Resource management
Nim’s promotes national standards and ________ for supporting technologies to successfully implement nims
Interoperability
What was established by the Secretary of Homeland security to provide strategic direction for an oversight of Mims supporting routine maintenance and refinement. Which falls underneath ongoing management and maintenance
Nims integration center
Two difference between memes and fire scope model ICS
News has intelligence/investigations role for crimes
Fire scope has information officer, nims has public information officer
Team that consists of individuals who are trained in the all hazards approach of managing various levels of incidents based on their size and complexity. Located throughout the United States and can be utilized as requested from federal state or local organizations
Incident Management teams
Incident Management team members are trained in the various sections and positions of
ICS
Us fire administration created a typing of incidents to denote the level of expertise needed to manage it based upon incident size. The types are listed from type 5 to type 1. which is the most complex?
Type 1
By identifying ________inappropriate response of an incident management team can be dispatched and decisions can be made based on resource requirements
Incident type
This incident type can be handled with one or two single resources with up to six personnel
Type 5
True/false for a type 5 incident command and general staff positions, other than the IC, are not activated
True
For what incident types is there no written IAP required
Type 4 and type 5
How soon after arrival is a type 5 incident usually contained
Within an hour or two
In a type 4 incident command and general staff functions are activated when
Only if needed
A type 4 incident is typically contained how soon after arrival
Within a few hours
How long is an operational period within the control phase
A few hours
How many resources are required to mitigate a type 4 incident
Several resources, possibly task force or strike teams
True/false a documented operational briefing will be completed for all incoming resources in a type 4 incident
True
A type 3 incident is when capabilities exceed initial attack and appropriate ICS position should be added to
Match the complexity of the incident
True/false in a type 3 incident all of the command and general staff positions should be activated
False some or all may be activated
This type of incident or incident command organization manages initial action incidents with a significant number of resources, and extended attack incident until containment is achieved, or an expanding incident until transitioning to a type 1 or 2 team
Type 3 incident
in a type 3 incident the incident time typically extends into
Multiple operational periods
In a type 3 incident in incident action plan is typically required for
Each operational period
Tornadoes earthquakes floods or multi-day hostage situations are examples of what type of incident number
Type 3
This type of incident extends beyond the capabilities for local control and is expected to go on into multiple operational periods. It may require a response of resources from out of the area including regional or national resources
Type 2
True/false in a type 2 incident most or all of the command and general staff are filled
True
In a type 2 incident how must the IAP be formulated
Written for each operational period
In this incident type operational personnel normally do not exceed 200 per operational period in total incident personnel do not exceed 500
Type 2
This type of incident typically involves incidents of regional significance
Type 2
This type of incident is the most complex requiring national resources to safely and effectively manage and operate
Type 1
Which command and general staff positions are activated in a type 1 incident
All of the positions
How many personnel per operational period are in a type 1 incident
At least 500
The total amount of personnel in a type 1 incident usually exceeds
1,000 people
True/false branches do not need to be established in a type 1 incident
False they need to be established
This type of incident has a high impact on the local jurisdiction requiring additional staff for office administrative and support functions
Type 1
This type of incident typically involves those of national significance
Type 1
Which type of incident requires the use of resource advisors at the incident base or is recommended
Type 1
Responsibility for taking command management and preparedness actions is held by
Local government
The roots of a community’s ________ program hinge on the departmental leadership intergovernmental relationships and a detailed planning process that includes external assistance agreements
All hazard preparedness
The purpose of this is to ensure that departmental response capabilities are maintained and authoritative information is disseminated to the general public. It allows field commanders to focus on the incident scene while this staff is responsible for handling coordination and support endeavors
Emergency operations center
This is a tool to enhance emergency Management functions into identify a meeting place or location. This can identify and obtain additional assets that are not always available to the on scene incident Management team
Emergency operations center
Under ideal conditions the ________ is centrally located where representatives from various agencies gather during an emergency and perform tasks that require active communication among key officials
Emergency operations center
The ________ becomes the link for organizations that work behind the scene to coordinate and support the field forces in protecting the population at risk during a disaster
Emergency operations center
Four types of emergency operations centers
Fixed facility
Mobile EOC
Virtual EOC
Coordination and support
The primary type of EOC is a
Central location with permanent equipment
A fixed facility EOC is usually found in a ________ building that will reduce delays in the arrival of senior officials and staff personnel
Existing multipurpose government building
When a disaster is widespread in the decision makers have an urgent need to see the situation what type of EOC can be utilized to transmit pictures of video of the incident
Mobile EOC
The ________of a mobile EOC allows for optimal interaction between the incident management team and the policy group when reviewing critical information
Flexibility
________EOC are a state-of-the-art emergency Management solution that exists solely or partially in cyberspace with private networks and satellite communications
Virtual
________will reduce the reflex time and limit the vulnerability of having all senior officials assembled at one Central location
Virtual EOC
True/false with a virtual EOC authorized individuals have any time access via username and password to multiple secure servers with the required software applications
True
Without ________ the EOC will fail in its unique mission
Adequate and accurate information
The EOC staff and IMT need sufficient time to create a meaningful plan of action based on
Factual data
History has shown there can be a serious disconnect between the IMT and EOC when a ________is not practiced
Joint planning process
History has shown there can be a serious disconnect between the IMT and EOC when a ________is not practiced
Joint planning process
For effectiveness at the emergency scene a ________EOC facility that is well designed and sufficiently staffed will improve coordination and support endeavors
Single
Factoring in all of the ________ will serve as a decision making tool for the EOC to fairly distribute necessary resources during a crisis
Essential functions
A workable emergency operations plan requires a commitment to sufficient________to accurately chart the critical information
Staffing levels
The proper time to develop and practice in EOP or emergency action plan is
Before a community suffers a low frequency high risk incident
Essential functions that must be documented during EOC activation are
Damage assessment reports
Resources acquired and used
Media and request for assistance
Accounting for public safety expenses
Response plan for providing evacuation
Support services for food and utilities
Incident log of occurrences
The EOC development process begins with a formal assessment and defining the areas requirements for readiness based on
Likely threats
What will determine the agencies that will be represented in the EOC
Nature of incident and resource requirements
Providing for ________ for long periods of time is critical to success of an EOC facility
Basic human comforts
An EOC facility maybe dual use conference rooms or complete standalone facilities. Either type must meet ________ regulations have instant access to government records and be designed with enough space
Safety
When constructing an independent EOC facility the elevation should be set at
500 year flood mark
A renovated building that is to be used as an EOC should be located how high
Above the 100-year floodplain
Research and analyzing accessibility must be done to determine if there is a population shift or changes in configurations of bridge rail and road systems that can cause congestion and unreasonable delays for what to the EOC
Arrival of key officials suppliers vendors or support personnel
A periodic ________ of access to an EOC could reveal modern threats and changing vulnerability to a geographic area
Hazard analysis
Construction of a ________EOC facility is often beyond the financial reach of most communities
Separate and dedicated
If there are a low number of local level full activations of the EOC there are many monetary benefits in co-locating it with
Emergency dispatchers
Every effort should be made to locate the EOC close to the part of________for ease of travel
Government offices
Site selection for an EOC should consider safety suitability and
Security
Locations of EOC that can accommodate a helicopter landing can be advantageous when widespread damage needs ________ by elected officials or a technical specialist
Aerial observation
Because daily use of a full-time staff at the EOC is not cost-effective emergency duties need to be designated when
Well in advance of activation
What should be maintained as a means for credentialing for an EOC and its members
Up to date training rosters
Succession planning found in guidance documents recommends that each EOC assignment should be ________ in trained personnel
3 deep
EOC contact lists with phone numbers and email addresses should be updated how often
Every 3 months
EOC staff training should be held how often
Quarterly basis
A full review of the EOP should be scheduled how often
Every year
________will increase the odds of a quick conversion in proficiency by assigned EOC personnel
Training
True/false no single EOC organizational structure is correct for all jurisdictions
True
Presidential directive 5 which outlines command and management procedures mandates that a community adopts a particular model as its organizational structure, true or false
False it does not mandate any particular model
The EOC organization must have the flexibility to shape itself to the
Emergency incident
Who is responsible for the management of emergency activities within its jurisdictional boundaries
Local government
The only accountability requirement of an EOC is for strict site
Security
Typically there are four ways to organize an EOC facility each with some recognized coordination and support challenges. The four organizational structures for an EOC can be based on
Major management activities
Incident command system
Emergency support function
Multi-agency coordinating group
Structure of major management activities for an EOC organizational structure consists of four groups
Policy group
Coordination group
Resource group
Emergency Management operations group
This part of the major management activities structure is comprised of high-level elected officials and department heads who focus on the overall objectives and priorities for the community
Policy group
Decisions made by the ________set the direction for implementation by the coordination resource and operations groups within a major management activities structure
Policy group
This group within the major management activities structure is responsible for the collection and analyzing of data that an EOC must gather
Coordination group
This group within the major management activities structure for EOC consists of representatives from any agency or organization that provides or could be asked to supply resources to the scene
Resource group
This group within the major management activities structure for an EOC consists of representatives from any agency with responsibility for any portion of the response or recovery in an incident
Emergency Management operations group
Types of Units within the emergency Management operations group of the major management activities structure for an EOC are dictated by the________ for a tactical assignment
Specific incident
The advantage of the major management activities structure for an organizational framework of an EOC is that this model is structured in a relatively simple manner with________ communication and chain of command
Straight lines of communication and chain of command
True/false with the major management activities structure model for an EOC all key problem solvers and representatives from participating agencies can contribute to decision making and resource allocation
True
The disadvantage of a major management activities structure for an EOC is the weak link with
On scene commanders
In the incident command system structure for an EOC this designated person who fills the top EOC position and serves a similar role to the policy group makes executive decisions that establish the overall objectives and concept of operation for the EOC
Emergency program manager
Under the incident command system structure the ________ is viewed as the EOC Commander
Emergency program manager
This military style command structure for an EOC can increase interaction and heighten the level of situational awareness
Incident command system structure
Within the incident command system structure for an EOC this takes responsibility for coordinating with and supporting on scene responders
Emergency Management operations
This part of the incident command system structure for an EOC is responsible to gather and analyze information informing decision makers of changes in the use of resources
Emergency Management planning
This part of the incident command system structure for an EOC serves as the single ordering point from the incident management team for equipment and supplies
Emergency Management logistics
This part of the incident command system structure for an EOC takes responsibility for designing financial projections of the incident cost
Emergency Management finance administration
The advantage of the incident command system structure for an EOC is the clarity of roles in the function of integrity which leads to a clear ________ between the incident management team and the EOC
Clear contact point
The disadvantage of an ICS structure in the EOC is the potential for confusion about ________versus the EOC facility due to similarity of titles
Authority at the incident scene
The EOC effectively functions as ________while the imt, incident management team functions as________
Emergency Management agency
Incident command
The incident command system structure for an EOC is comprised of five parts
Emergency program manager
Emergency Management operations
Emergency Management planning
Emergency Management logistics
Emergency Management finance/administration
Four sections of the emergency support function structure for an EOC
Operations manager
Planning
Logistics
Finance administration
Who is in charge of the EOC under an emergency support function structure
Operations manager
Which structure of EOC appeals to local and State levels because there is a clear one to one relationship with the NRF as well as with on scene ICS organizations
Emergency support function structure
The disadvantage of an emergency support function structure is that local EOC may not have the required depth of personnel which means that all positions will
Not be staffed
Three sections of the multi-agency coordinating group structure for an EOC
Mac group coordinator
Mac group situation assessment unit
Joint information center
This structure of EOC is made up of organization agency or jurisdiction Representatives who are authorized to commit resources and funds
Multi-agency coordinating group structure
The success of a multi-agency coordinating group structure for an EOC depends on its current
Membership
This is an optional position that provides supervision to the various components. Part of the multi-agency coordinating group structure for EOC
Mac group coordinator
Members of the Mac group directly distribute the results of their deliveration to
Their own organizations as well as through chain of command
This section within the multi-agency coordinating group structure of an EOC collects and assembles information needed for the Mac group to fulfill its role
Mac group situation assessment unit
A public information unit that has access to local information sources government entities and is responsible for coordinating a summary report
Joint information center
Public information must be organized around a JIS that is overseen by
Public information officers
This structure for an EOC is useful where no system exists to provide short-term multi-agency coordination and decision making
Multi-agency coordinating group structure
Typically a multi-agency coordinating group fits into what part of an existing EOC
Policy making part
True/false a single jurisdiction May establish a Mac group as part of its EOC function
True
Mac groups are frequently defined ________ especially when an emergency cross is jurisdictional boundaries
Geographically
What type of group may be established to assist in coordinating a response to a major terrorist activity
Multi-agency coordination group
True/false a Mac group may be organized functionally but not nationally
False it may be both functional or national organized
The disadvantage of a Mac group structure is a lack of clearly defined standardized
Relationships to other Mac entities
True/false a Mac group is rarely used as the standalone structure in an EOC
True
What will be the key element for an effective EOC
Training
