Ch 2 Health and Safety

Question 1

Dose equals _____ x _____

Answer 1

Concentration x time

Question 2

Toxicologist list 4 categories of factors that influence toxicity

Answer 2

Concentration or dose
Rate of absorption
Rate of detoxification
Rate of excretion

Question 3

Two units of measurement commonly sided for determining the relative toxicity of a chemical substance or compound

Answer 3

Lethal dose, 50% kill

Lethal concentration 50% kill

Question 4

The concentration and ingested, absorbed or injected substance, which result in the death of 50% of the test population. This is an oral or dermal exposure expressed in terms of weight – MG/KG.

Answer 4

Lethal dose, 50% kill (LD50)

Question 5

The concentration of an inhaled substance that results in the death of 50% of the test population in a specific time.

Answer 5

Lethal concentration, 50% kill (LC50)

Question 6

Maxim, everyone concentration of a material of which an average healthy person may be exposed repeatedly for eight hours each day 40 hours per week without suffering adverse effects ACGIH

Answer 6

TLV/TWA

Question 7

Maximum time weighted concentration at which 95% of expose healthy adults suffer no adverse effects over a 40 hour work week (2 different)

Answer 7

Permissible exposure limit - OSHA - 8 hour concentration

Recommended exposure levels - Niosh - 10 hour concentration

Question 8

15 minute time weighted average exposure not repeated more than four times daily with a 60 minute rest.

Answer 8

Short term exposure limit

Question 9

The maximum concentration that should not be exceeded even instantaneously

Answer 9

TLV/C threshold limit value ceiling

(ACGIH recommends 5 times TLV/TWA used in place of TLV/C)

Question 10

Three general IDLH atmospheres

Answer 10

Toxic
Flammable
Oxygen deficient

Consider 10 times TLV/TWA as IDLH

Question 11

This is defined as the maximum air concentration below, which it is believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour, without experiencing or developing reversible, or other serious health effects or symptoms

Answer 11

ERPG – 2

Question 12

How many tiers are there within the Emergency Response Planning Guidelines ERPG? (AIHA)

Answer 12

3

Question 13

How many tiers and periods are within the Acute Emergency Exposure Guidelines AEGL? (EPA)

Answer 13

3 tiers

5 periods
10 min, 30 min, 1 hr, 4 hr, 8 hr

Question 14

Four types of ionizing radiation

Answer 14

Alpha, beta, gamma neutron

Question 15

Characterized by its lack of energy to remove electrons from atoms

Answer 15

Non-ionizing radiation

Question 16

Characterized by its ability to create charge particles or ions in anything it strikes. X-rays are a familiar form of this

Answer 16

Ionizing radiation

Question 17

There are blank types of ionizing radiation. How many and what are they?

Answer 17

Four: Alpha Beta, gamma neutron

Question 18

Largest of the common radioactive particles travel only 3 to 4 inches in air, stop by sheet of paper, primarily an internal hazard greatest health hazard when they enter the body

Answer 18

Alpha

Question 19

A particle that is the same size as an electron can travel several yards in air, penetrate paper and human skin, cannot penetrate internal organs, internal and external radiation hazard

Answer 19

Beta

Question 20

Most dangerous form of common radiation, because of the speed at which it moves penetrates most materials very well, considering a whole body hazard

Answer 20

Gamma

Question 21

Emitted high-speed from the nucleus of a radioactive atom

considered a whole body hazard

Answer 21

Neutron particles