Ch 2 Grammar Flashcards
What is the first principle part?
1st person present
What is the second principle part?
Present infinitive
What is the third principle part?
1st person perfect (simple past)
What is the fourth principle part?
Past participle (supine)
What is a conjugation
A group of verbs that share similar patterns for their endings
What is the stem of a verb?
It is the part of the verb that carries the meaning
(It does not have any case endings; For example amā is the stem of amō)
How do you find the stem of a verb?
- take the verb’s second principle part
- take of the -re case ending
- what is left is the stem
What does it mean to conjugate a verb?
to list a verb with its endings (as you see in the amō chart)
What is the conjugation of the present tense for amō
amō amāmus
amās amātis
amat amant
What does person mean when it relates to a verb? And what are the different options?
- It tells you who is doing the action
- it can be first, second, or third person
What does tense mean when it relates to a verb? And what are the different options?
- It tells the time of the action taking place
- It can be past, present, or future
What do you add to a Latin verb to change it from a declarative to an interrogative?
- Add an -ne to the end
(For example cantantne (from cantant) means “does she sing?”)
What is a personal ending? And what two pieces of information does it give you?
- They are the endings on a verb
- They tell you the person (I, you, he, she, it, we, you all, they) and number (singular and plural)
What is a stem vowel?
It is the vowel that is at the end of the stem (once you take off the -re of the second principle part; for example amō, amāre has the ā as the stem vowel)
What are the three ways that a Latin present tense verb can be translated? Use amō as an example.
I love.
I am loving.
I do love.
