Ch. 2 Cell Theory Vocab

Question 1

Carbohydrate

Answer 1

1 or more sugar molecules

Question 2

Cell theory

Answer 2

living things are made of 1 or more cells, the cell is the smallest unit of life, new cells come from preexisting cells

Question 3

Lipid

Answer 3

large macromolecule that doesn’t dissolve in water

Question 4

Nucleic Acid

Answer 4

Macromolecule that forms when a long chain of nucleotides join together

Question 5

Protein

Answer 5

Long chain of amino acid molecules

Question 6

Theory

Answer 6

Explanation based on scientific knowledge resulting from several observations/experiments

Question 7

Cell Membrane

Answer 7

protects the inside of a cell from the enviroment

Question 8

Cell Wall

Answer 8

stiff structure outside the cell membrane

Question 9

chloroplast

Answer 9

membrane-bound organelle that uses light energy and makes food

Question 10

cytoplasm

Answer 10

fluid inside a cell that contains salt & other molecules

Question 11

cytoskeleton

Answer 11

network of threadlike proteins inside a cell

Question 12

envelope

Answer 12

outer covering

Question 13

function

Answer 13

purpose for which smth is used

Question 14

nucleus

Answer 14

directs all cell activities & contains DNA

Question 15

organelle

Answer 15

membrane-bound cell structure with a specialized function

Question 16

active transport

Answer 16

movement of substances through a a cell membrane using the cell’s energy

Question 17

diffusion

Answer 17

movement from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 18

endocytosis

Answer 18

process during which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane

Question 19

exocytosis

Answer 19

process during which a cell’s vesicles release their contents outside of the cell

Question 20

facilitated diffusion

Answer 20

when molecules pass through a cell membrane using transport proteins

Question 21

osmosis

Answer 21

diffusion of water molecules only through a membrane

Question 22

passive transport

Answer 22

movement of substances through a cell membrane without using energy

Question 23

cellular respiration

Answer 23

series of chemical reactions that convert energy in food molecules into ATP

Question 24

fermentation

Answer 24

reaction used to obtain energy from food when oxygen levels are low

Question 25

glycolysis

Answer 25

process by which glucose is broken down

Question 26

photosynthesis

Answer 26

How plants make food (light energy, H2O, and CO2 go in, glucose and oxygen come out.)