CH 2 Atoms, Ion, & Molecules Flashcards
An element’s atomic number is determined by the number of __________ in one atom of that element.
Protons
When diagramming an atom, the innermost shell is filled with ______ electrons.
Two
If an ionic compound formed between an element from the first column of the periodic table and another from the sixth column, you would expect the compound to include
two atoms from the first-column element and one atom from the sixth-column element.
The molecular formula for bicarbonate ion is HCO3-. It is therefore a
Polyatomic Anion
MgCl2 fully dissociates into Mg2+ and Cl- ions when mixed with water. Therefore, the bonds between Mg2+ and Cl- in MgCl2 can be described as
Ionic
In the formation of a compound of sodium chloride,
a sodium atom donates an electron to a chlorine atom.
Fatty acids in soap have a polar end and a nonpolar end. Which of the following best describes these molecules?
Amphipathic
What is the number of covalent bonds that an atom of nitrogen can form within a molecule?
3
Which of the following is not one of the four most common elements in the body?
Calcium (Most Common HONC)
When a nonpolar molecule is placed in water, it will
Neither dissolve nor carry an electrical current
In a water molecule, each oxygen can form up to _____ hydrogen bonds with other water molecules.
2
Given a watery solution in which 1/1,000,000 particles are free H+ ions, what will the pH be?
6
Generally, a chemical buffer is described as
a weak acid and weak base that help prevent big changes in pH.
When a protein of 50 nanometers is mixed with water, the opaque result is called a(n)
Colloid
Like most functional groups, carboxyl groups are
polar and therefore increase a biomolecule’s solubility in water.
Nucleic acids are made up of
nucleotides joined by covalent, phosphodiester bonds.
RNA is
Single-stranded and contains uracil
Which list contains all four types of amino acids?
Charged, Nonpolar, Polar, & those with special functions
Which statement accurately describes how pH is related to denaturation?
Either a large increase or a large decrease in pH can lead to denaturation.
Mass of both protons and neutrons
Atomic Mass
The number of protons in an atom
Atomic Number
Atoms of elements that have different numbers of NEUTRONS
Isotopes
The tendency for atoms to want to reach/gain chemical stability
Octet Rule
An atom with an electrical charge
Ion
