Ch 2- Alkanes And Cycloalkanes

Question 0

alkane

Answer 0

saturated hydrocarbon; contains only carbon-carbon single bonds

Question 1

hydrocarbon

Answer 1

compound composed of only carbon and hydrogen

Question 2

aliphatic hydrocarbon

Answer 2

aka alkane

Question 3

unsaturated hydrocarbon

Answer 3

hydrocarbon that contains one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, triple bonds, or benzene rings

Question 4

What is the general molecular formula of alkanes?

Answer 4

C_n H_2n+2

Question 5

constitutional isomers

Answer 5

compounds with the same molecular formula but a different connectivity of their atoms

Question 6

alkyl group

Answer 6

a group derived by removing a hydrogen from an alkane

Question 7

What are the 6 rules for naming alkanes?

Answer 7

1. count number of carbons on longest chain
2. number the parent chain from the end that gives the lower number to the substituent encountered first
3. if there are different substituents in equivalent positions on opposite ends of the chain, give the substituent of lower alphabetical order the lower number
4. list the substituents in alphabetical order
5. the prefixes di-, tri-, tetra-, etc. are not included in alphabetizing
6. when there are 2 or more parent chains that are the same length, choose the parent chain with the greater number of substituents

Question 8

In common nomenclature, what determines the name?

Answer 8

the total number of carbon atoms