Ch 2

Question 1

To become an ISO who can make a difference, fire officers must build a foundation of ____, and that means theory.

Answer 1

Understanding

Question 2

Uncommon sense can be described as the ability of the ISO to ask and ponder two questions:

Answer 2

What is the worst that can happen here?

What is the probability of that happening?

Question 3

operational safety triad:

Creating a safe operational environment is dependent on three components (the triad):

Answer 3

Procedures, equipment, and personnel.

Question 4

A ____ ____ is defined in writing and can take on many forms: SOP’s, SOG’s, departmental directives, temporary memorandums, and the like.

Answer 4

Formal process

Question 5

No matter what the source, the key component is that formal processes and evolutions are ___ ____.

Answer 5

In writing

Question 6

Many departments around the country have adopted SOG’s in lieu of SOP’s, reasoning that a guideline is more blank and, more usable by blank and blank.

Answer 6

Flexible

Line officers and IC

Question 7

Blank are strict directives that must be followed with little or no flexibility.

Answer 7

Procedures

Question 8

Blank are adaptable templates that allow flexibility in application.

Answer 8

Guidelines

Question 9

Is a process or operation that is part of a departments routine but that it is not written.

Answer 9

Informal process

Question 10

______ are typically learned through new member training, on the job training, and day to day routine.

Answer 10

Informal processes

Question 11

The first step in developing a formal SOP is establishing an ____________ to create, edit, alter, or delete established processes. Once the process is in place, a general format for SOP appearance and indexing is necessary.

Answer 11

Administrative process

Question 12

Once _______the writing of SOP’s can begin. It makes sense to write the most important ones FIRST.

Answer 12

Topics have been defined

Question 13

-

Answer 13

Needs assessment

Look at external influences

Question 14

One way is to perform a ____ _____ and flag the areas in which line firefighters and officers need guidance. Another way is to look at ____ ___ such as OSHA regulations, insurance services office rating schedules, NFPA standards, and other requirements, and determine which areas affect the department most by not having a related SOP.

Answer 14

needs assessment, external influences

Question 15

What makes a well written SOP? The answer is simple; It’s well-written if?

Answer 15

Firefighters follow it

Question 16

The ISOs role in procedures deals with ___ and _____.

Answer 16

Application and review

Question 17

The practical application of SOPs puts the ISO in the ___ ___ to suggest changes to SOPs or even help create new ones for the department.

Answer 17

Best place

Question 18

The ISO who witnesses a failure to follow SOP’s during an incident should make a notation and bring up the infraction during ___ ____ ____ or the next scheduled ___ ____?.

Answer 18

Post incident analysis or the next scheduled safety committee meeting.

Question 19

It is arguably the least important factor in the operational safety Triad.

Answer 19

Equipment

Question 20

Residential carbon monoxide detectors are designed to activate with as little as blank of carbon monoxide present in the air.

Answer 20

20 ppm

Question 21

OSHA regulations. Known as the (___), these regulations often outlined the equipment require for a given process to be accomplished.

Answer 21

Code of federal regulations

CFR

Question 22

The vast majority of fire service equipment is tailored to meet or exceed blank. These consensus standards are designed to offer a minimum acceptable standard for equipment design, application, and maintenance.

Answer 22

NFPA standards

Question 23

Seven items suggested when writing equipment guidelines:

Answer 23

1. Selection
2. Use
3. Cleaning and decontamination
4. Storage
5. Inspection
6. Repairs
7. Criteria for retirement

Sally Used Clean Shells In Race Cars

Question 24

Equipment designed to improve safety can actually lead to greater ____ ____.

Answer 24

Risk taking

Question 25

A value given to the protective (insulative) quality of structural firefighting PPE and equipment. Quite scientific, in simple terms it is a measurement given to the durability of equipment when exposed to a flash fire event.

Answer 25

Thermal protective performance rating | TPP

Question 26

It is more difficult to address the____ component of the safety triad because of the ___ and ____ involved.

Answer 26

People | Opinions and Emotions

Question 27

Three factors that must be addressed as part of the personnel leg of the safety triad:

Answer 27

Training, health, and attitude.

Question 28

A successful safety program usually works in tandem with a successful ____.

Answer 28

Training program

Question 29

In the process of learning and applying knowledge and skills. Deals with "how" to do something.

Answer 29

Training

Question 30

The process of developing one's analytical ability using principles, concepts, and values. The understanding of "why" you do something.

Answer 30

Education

Question 31

In many ways, it is Safety education that helps to shape an individual's ___ and _____.

Answer 31

Values and Attitudes

Question 32

Of all the people factors affecting safety, ____is the hardest to address.

Answer 32

Attitude

Question 33

The departments ___ ____ is made up of the Ideas, skills, and customs that are passed from one generation to another.

Answer 33

safety culture

Question 34

A firefighter line-of-duty death often shocks a department members into an attitude change. Dr. Morris Massey calls this a" ___ ___ ___".

Answer 34

Significant emotional event

Question 35

The chance of damage, injury, or loss.

Answer 35

Risk

Question 36

Process of minimizing the chance, degree, or probability of damage, injury, or loss.

Answer 36

Risk Management

Question 37

Step one of the five-step classic risk management process. RLT 16

Answer 37

Hazard Identification

Question 38

_____ _____is the primary function of an ISO.

Answer 38

Identifying hazards

Question 39

For most ISO's, identifying hazards is a real time process of monitoring the incident environment and activities. Previous _____ and _____ ____ help the ISO spot current and evolving hazards.

Answer 39

Training and education efforts

Question 40

Step two of the five-step risk management process.

Answer 40

Hazard Evaluation

Question 42

Is the probability that an injurious event can happen, and it can best be described as low, moderate, or high based on the number of times that a particular hazard is present or the number of times injury results from the hazard.

Answer 42

Frequency

Question 43

Can be viewed as a harmful consequences or cost associated with injury or property damage from a given hazard. Descriptions of low, moderate, or high can be applied to blank.

Answer 43

Severity

Question 44

Step three in the five-step risk management process.

Answer 44

Hazard Prioritization

Question 45

The overall strategy of hazard control is called _____. It is accomplished using a ____ to reduce the potential for accidents and injuries.

Answer 45

Mitigation Hierarchy of controls

Question 46

Step four of the five step risk management process.

Answer 46

Hazard Control

Question 47

The fire service mitigation hierarchy refers to a preferred order of hazard control stages:

Answer 47

``` Elimination Reduction Adaptation Transfer Avoidance ```

Question 48

Prior to elimination, though, hazard ____ and ______ are the control methods most often employed at an incident.

Answer 48

Adaptation and reduction

Question 49

The actual action used for mitigation is called a _______?

Answer 49

Countermeasure

Question 50

In the simplest form, a control hierarchy includes the following steps:

Answer 50

1. Design 2. Guard 3. Warn

Question 51

Step five of the five step risk management process.

Answer 51

Hazard Monitoring

Question 52

The ability to revisit hazards and continually assess the operations and the environment to determine whether a hazard is truly being mitigated.

Answer 52

Cyclic thinking

Question 53

The hallmark of a good ISO is the ability to continually reassess blank.

Answer 53

Risk versus benefit

Question 54

The most common form of risk management include the use of a blank.

Answer 54

Five step process

Question 55

Achieving good writing is easier said than done , but at it's root, it starts with a ____ and the use of ____?

Answer 55

clear outline, simple language

Question 56

Above all, a well-applied SOP improves___ ____?

Answer 56

Departmental safety

Question 57

Equipment: | Place a check mark next to ___ items and a circle next to ___ ____ items.

Answer 57

essential | nice-to-have

Question 58

____ or ____ continues to lead in causes of firefighter line-of-duty deaths and is a significant factor to injuries.

Answer 58

stress or overexertion

Question 59

One weakness of the five-step model is that there are no provisions for acceptable ______.

Answer 59

risk-taking