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Biology 1010 > Ch. 2 > Flashcards

Ch. 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

number of protons in the atomic nucleus; determines the element

A

atomic number

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2
Q

negatively charged subatomic particle

A

electron

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3
Q

a pure substance that consists only of atoms with the same number of protons

A

elements

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4
Q

forms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons their atoms carry

A

isotopes

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5
Q

the total number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus

A

mass number

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6
Q

uncharged subatomic particle that occurs in the atomic nucleus

A

neutron

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7
Q

central core of an atom

A

nucleus

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8
Q

positively charged subatomic particle that occurs in the nucleus of all atoms

A

proton

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9
Q

process in which an atom emits energy and/or subatomic particles when its nucleus spontaneously breaks up

A

radioactive decay

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10
Q

isotope with an unstable nucleus

A

radioisotope

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11
Q

a substance with a detectable component

A

tracer

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12
Q

atom with an unpaired electron

A

free radical

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13
Q

atom or molecule that carries a net charge

A

ion

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14
Q

model of electron distribution in an atom

A

shell model

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15
Q

property of a substance that arises from the tendency of its molecules to resist separating from one another

A

cohesion

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16
Q

amount of solute per unit volume of solution

A

concentration

17
Q

transition of a liquid to a vapor

A

evaporation

18
Q

attraction between a covalently bonded hydrogen atom and another atom taking part in a separate polar covalent bond

A

hydrogen bond

19
Q

a substance that dissolves easily in water

A

hydrophilic

20
Q

a substance that resists dissolving in water

A

hydrophobic

21
Q

compound that releases ions other than H+ and OH- when it dissolves in water

A

salt

22
Q

a dissolved substance

A

solute

23
Q

uniform mixture of solute completely dissolved in solvent

A

solution

24
Q

liquid in which other substances dissolve

A

solvent

25
Q

measure of molecular motion

A

temperature

26
Q

substance that releases hydrogen ions in water

A

acid

27
Q

substance that accepts hydrogen ions in water

A

base

28
Q

set of chemicals that can keep the pH of a solution stable by alternately donating and accepting ions that contribute to pH

A

buffer

29
Q

measure of the number of hydrogen ions in a water-based fluid

A

pH

Biology 1010 (5 decks)

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