Ch. 2 Flashcards
Zoroaster
He rejected the old Persian gods and taught that there was only one god.
Rosetta Stone
stone monument that includes the same passage carved in hieroglyphics, demotic script, and Greek and that was used to decipher the meanings of many hieroglyphs.
Cuneiform
in the ancient Middle East, a system of writing that used wedge-shaped marks.
Diaspora
the spreading of the Jews beyond their historic homeland.
Sargon
The ruler of Akkad, invaded and conquered neighboring city-states of Sumer.
Hieroglyphics
system of writing in which pictures called hieroglyphs represent objects, concepts, or sounds.
Nebuchadnezzar
The second Babylonian king.
Hatshepsut
Egypt’s first female ruler from 1472-1458 B.C.
Sabbath
a holy day for rest and worship.
What was the purpose of ziggurats?
A temple dedicated to a specific god of that civilization built on a high platform.
Why was Hammurabi’s code important?
They were the first set of written and codified laws.
Why was iron important in the ancient world?
Tools and weapons were harder and had sharper edges than those made of bronze or copper.
How did Darius improve the economic life during the Persian Empire?
He set up a beaurocracy.
What was a major accomplishment during Egypt’s Old Kingdom?
Pharaohs ruled strong centralized states and the construction of
The Great Pyramids.
Why was the god Osiris important to the Egyptians?
He was one of the more relatable gods that touched human emotions such as love and jealousy. He was also god of the underworld and of the Nile.
What civilization developed between the Tigris a Euphrates river?
Sumer.
Explain matters of civil law under the crude of Hammurabi:
Dealt with private rights and matters such as business, contracts, poverty, inheritance, taxes, marriage, and divorce.
Which empire spread the skill of ironworking?
The Hittites.
The Zoroaster religion spread the idea of which philosophy?
Judgement day. (Heaven, Hell)
What was the role of the viziers?
chief minister who supervised the business of government in ancient Egypt.
Describe the oldest known peace treaty:
The Egyptians and the Hittites.
Which (life) concepts and beliefs were key to the Israelites?
Monotheism, covenant, and the Torah.
Who founded Israel? Who built the temple of God? Where did this occur?
King David, Solomon, Jerusalem.
Which set of laws that the Jews believe we’re given to them through God?
The 10 commandments.
What are the first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible?
The Torah.
Who made a covenant with God in which Canaan was promised to the Hebrew people?
Abraham.
Why was Mesopotamia developed into a crossroads where people and ideas met?
It was surrounded by areas of trade, rivers, farm land, rich resources, center of ideas.
Give 2 examples of the 2 branches of law in Hammurabi’s Code:
Civil law- marriage, taxes.
Criminal law- robbery, murder.
What was the purpose of mummification? What belief led the Egyptians to mummify their dead?
To preserve the body and organs because of their belief in after life.
Delta
triangular area of marshland formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of some rivers.
