Ch. 2 Flashcards
Name some 5 structures that take part in the ORAL phase of swallowing
Lips Teeth Maxilla Velum Uvula Mandible Floor of the mouth Tongue Faucial Arches- anterior and posterior Palatine tonsils Sulci anterior and Lateral Salivary Glands- parotid, submandibular, sublingual
What are the tongue muscles that are used in the Oral phase of swallowing?
Intrinsics
Superior longitudinal
Inferior Longitudinal
Transverse
Vertical (alter shape)What are the Roof of the mouth muscles that are used in the Oral Stage?
Palatoglossus– in anterior facial arch
pulls velum down and forward against back of tongue
Palatopharyngeus– in posterior faucial arch
Helps elevate and retract velum (VP Closure)
Which muscle helps close the VP?
Palatopharyngues
Name 5 pharyngeal structures
Pterygoid Plates on sphenoid Bone (nasopharynx) Velum base of tongue mandible hyoid bone pharynx thyroid cartilage Cricoid cartilage pyriform sinuses
What are the pharyngeal/laryngeal muscles used during swallowing?
Suprahyoids/submentals
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Ant. belly of Diagastricus
Infrahyoid
Thyrohyoid
Constrictors-
Superior, middle, inferior– posterior and lateral walls
Cricopharyngeus (CP)
To where is the CP attached?
What is the CP’s job?
inferior constricor fibers attached to cricoid lamina; prevents air from entering esophagus, reduces back flow
What are some Laryngeal structures?
Hyoid bone epiglottis valleculae laryngeal vestibule Eryepiglottic folds Thyroid cartilage Arythernoid cartilages false and true vocal folds ventricles- lateral
what are the laryngeal muscles and functions?
Posterior cricoarytenoid PCA- abducts
Lateral cricoarytenoid LCA= Adductor
Interarytenoid- Adducts
Thyroarytenoid TA- tilts arytenoids foward to assist in airway closure.
Thyrovocalis and thyromuscularis
Thyroidhyoid- elevates and lowers larynx
Stemothyroid- suspends larynx and trachea in neck
Stemohyoid- lowers and stabilizes hyoid
What are the esophageal structures?
UES
Esophagus (25 cm long)
LES
What are the muscles that take part on the esophageal stage?
UES- CP
LES- keeps content in stomach
Esophagus has two muscles
Inner circular
Outer longitudinal
What are the names of the muscles of the esophagus?
Inner circular
outer longutudinal
they are striated and smooth muscle which create the peristaltic waves
What events take place in the oral stage?
mastication
bolus formation
bolus transport
is this true?
high viscosity= low volume= low pressure= high muscle activity?
False
high viscosity= low volume= high pressure= high muscle activity
What happens during the pharyngeal stage?
?
when is the pharynheal stage trigger?
when bolus hits the ant. faucial pillars?
how long does the esophageal stage last?
8-20 seconds
What happends during esophageal stage?
bolus flow through the esophagus via peristaltic contractions of striated and smooth muscle along the esophageal wall
relaxation of LES allows bolus into stomach
What does the Trigeminal Nerve do/ helps?
Motor: Mastication
Sensory: Sensation ant 2/3 of tongue
WHat does Facial Nerve help/do?
Motor: lips, face, salivary glands
Sensory: TASTE ant. 2/3 of tongue
What does Hypoglossal help/do?
Motor: Tongue
Sensory: mucous memebranes of pharynx, palate, post.tongue and tonsils
What does Glossopharyngeal do?
Motor: pharynx and gag reflex
Sensory: taste and sensation of post 1/3 of tongue
What does Vagus do/help?
Motor: trachea, larynx, cough reflex
Sensory: mucous memebrane of pharynx, larynx, bronchi, lungs, esophagus, stomach
What is the most important nerve?
Vagus X
