Ch. 2

Question 1

The minerals beneath the earth’s surface, water on or below the earth surface, and the air above the surface.

Answer 1

Land

Question 2

Portion of land delineated by boundaries.

Answer 2

Parcel or Tract

Question 3

Physical characteristics of land.

Answer 3

Immobility, indestructibility, and heterogeneity.

Question 4

Land that cannot be moved from one site to another.

Answer 4

Immobility

Question 5

Land that cannot be destroyed.

Answer 5

Indestructibility

Question 6

No two parcels of land are similar.

Answer 6

Heterogeneity

Question 7

Man structures such as fences, streets, buildings, wells, sewers, sidewalks and piers.

Answer 7

Improvements

Question 8

To possess, use, exclude, transfer, and encumber.

Answer 8

Bundle of Rights

Question 9

Is the ownership of real estate and the bundle of rights.

Answer 9

Real Property

Question 10

is ownership of anything which is not real estate, and the
rights associated with owning the personal property item.

Answer 10

Personal Property

Question 11

Items of personal
property are also called?

Answer 11

Chatels

Question 12

property that is physical and
visible.

Answer 12

Tangible Property

Question 13

is abstract, having no physical existence
in itself, other than as evidence of one’s ownership interest.

Answer 13

Intangible Property

Question 14

the property essentially means the right to mortgage the
property as collateral for debt.

Answer 14

Right to encumbar

Question 15

requires that property owners
obtain permits for use of water.

Answer 15

Doctrine of Prior Appropriation

Question 16

Bodies of water that
are not moving, such as lakes and seas.

Answer 16

Littoral Rights

Question 17

Moving water such
as streams and rivers.

Answer 17

Riparian Right

Question 18

The owner’s riparian
rights are determined by whether the water is?

Answer 18

Navigable and Non-Navigable

Question 19

If the property abuts a ________ stream, the owner enjoys unrestricted use of the water and owns the land beneath the stream to the stream’s midpoint.

Answer 19

Non-navigable

Question 20

A personal property item that has been converted to real property by
attachment to real estate is called a ______.

Answer 20

Fixture

Question 21

One’s original ________ can override the test of movability in
determining whether an item is a fixture or not.

Answer 21

Intention

Question 22

If an item is uniquely adapted to the property, or the property is
custom-designed to accommodate the item, it may be deemed real property whether the item is easily removable or not.

Answer 22

Adaptation

Question 23

If an item is vital to the operation of the building, it may be
deemed a fixture, even though perhaps easily removable.

Answer 23

Functionality

Question 24

Are items of a tenant’s personal property that
the tenant has temporarily affixed to a landlord’s real property in order to
conduct business.

Answer 24

Trade fixtures or chattel fixtures

Question 25

Plants and crops requiring human intervention and labor are called _______

Answer 25

Emblements

Question 26

Should the tenant fail to remove a trade fixture, it may become the property of the landlord through ________.

Answer 26

Accession

Question 27

Changing personal property to real property. Or changing real property to personal property.

Answer 27

Conversion

Question 28

Is the conversion of real property to personal property by detaching it from the real estate, such as by cutting down a tree, detaching a door from a shed, or removing an antenna from a roof.

Answer 28

Severance

Question 29

Is the act of converting personal property to real property by attaching it to the real estate, such as by assembling a pile of bricks into a barbecue pit, or constructing a boat dock from wood planks.

Answer 29

Affixing

Question 30

Government entities regulate the following aspects of real property interests:

Answer 30

 the bundle of rights: possession, usage, transfer, encumbering and exclusion  legal descriptions  financing  insurance  inheritance  taxation

Question 31

_______ government is primarily concerned with broad standards of real property usage, natural disaster, land description, and discrimination.

Answer 31

Federal

Question 32

State governments establish real estate license laws and qualifications.

Answer 32

State Regulation

Question 33

County and local government regulation focuses on land use control, control of improvements, and taxation.

Answer 33

Local Regulation

Question 34

The judicial system exerts an influence on real estate ownership and use through decisions based on case law and common law, as distinguished from statutory law.

Answer 34

Judicial Regulation